A nurse is assessing a client who has a urinary tract infection and is taking sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of an allergic reaction?
Insomnia
Photosensitivity
Hallucinations
Wheezing
The Correct Answer is D
A. Insomnia: Insomnia is not a typical sign of an allergic reaction. It may occur as a nonspecific side effect of illness or other medications but is not indicative of hypersensitivity to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim.
B. Photosensitivity: Photosensitivity is a known adverse effect of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim but is not an allergic reaction. It results in increased susceptibility to sunburn rather than an immune-mediated response.
C. Hallucinations: Hallucinations are a rare neurologic side effect and are unrelated to allergic reactions. They may occur with severe systemic toxicity but are not typical of hypersensitivity.
D. Wheezing: Wheezing indicates bronchospasm and airway involvement, which are classic signs of an allergic reaction. It reflects hypersensitivity and may progress to anaphylaxis, requiring immediate attention.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "I have vomited several times.": Vomiting can be a side effect of penicillin, but it is usually manageable and not immediately life-threatening unless severe dehydration occurs.
B. "I am having diarrhea.": Mild diarrhea is a common side effect of antibiotics. It is important to monitor for signs of C. difficile infection, but occasional loose stools are not immediately critical.
C. "I am having trouble swallowing.": Difficulty swallowing may indicate oropharyngeal edema, which can be a sign of a severe allergic reaction to penicillin. This requires immediate attention as it can progress to airway obstruction.
D. "My skin feels itchy all over.": Generalized itching may indicate a mild allergic reaction. While it should be monitored, it is less urgent than symptoms suggesting airway compromise.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Tinnitus: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with ototoxic potential. The presence of tinnitus may indicate early ototoxicity, and withholding the medication is necessary to prevent further auditory damage.
B. Altered taste sensation: Changes in taste are generally mild and not a life-threatening side effect. They do not require withholding the medication but should be documented and monitored.
C. Tremors: Tremors can occur with certain medications or electrolyte imbalances, but they are not a common reason to withhold gentamicin unless accompanied by other signs of neurotoxicity.
D. Photosensitivity: Photosensitivity is not a typical adverse effect of gentamicin. While clients may be advised to avoid excessive sun exposure for some medications, this side effect does not necessitate withholding the drug.
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