A nurse is assessing a client who has dehydration.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Cloudy urine.
Urine osmolality of 200 mOsm/kg.
Urine specific gravity of 1.015.
Dark-colored urine.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice D rationale
Dark-colored urine is a common indicator of dehydration. When the body is dehydrated, urine becomes more concentrated, leading to darker color due to higher levels of waste products.
Choice A rationale
Cloudy urine is not typically associated with dehydration. It may indicate the presence of an infection, inflammation, or other medical conditions.
Choice B rationale
Urine osmolality of 200 mOsm/kg suggests diluted urine, which is contrary to the expectation in dehydration. Dehydration would typically result in higher urine osmolality as the kidneys conserve water.
Choice C rationale
Urine specific gravity of 1.015 falls within the normal range (1.005 to 1.030). In dehydration, specific gravity would be expected to be higher as the urine becomes more concentrated to conserve water. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Colonoscopy is the recommended test for screening for rectal cancer. It allows for direct visualization of the entire colon and rectum, enabling the detection and biopsy of polyps or suspicious lesions. It is the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening.
Choice B rationale
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is used to diagnose and treat conditions of the bile ducts, pancreas, and gallbladder. It’s not typically used for colorectal cancer screening.
Choice C rationale
An upper GI series involves X-rays of the upper gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach, and duodenum) after swallowing a contrast medium. This test does not visualize the lower GI tract, including the colon and rectum, and is therefore not suitable for rectal cancer screening.
Choice D rationale
Upper GI endoscopy allows for direct visualization of the upper gastrointestinal tract but does not reach the colon and rectum. Hence, it is not used for screening rectal cancer.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale
Intravenous (IV) administration has the fastest rate of absorption because the medication is delivered directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the absorption barriers of the digestive system or muscle tissue. This ensures rapid onset of action.
Choice A rationale
Enteral administration involves the gastrointestinal tract, including oral and feeding tube methods. Absorption is slower as the medication passes through the digestive system before entering the bloodstream.
Choice B rationale
Intramuscular (IM) administration involves injecting the medication into muscle tissue, where it is absorbed into the bloodstream. Absorption is quicker than enteral routes but slower compared to IV administration.
Choice C rationale
Topical administration involves applying medication to the skin or mucous membranes. Absorption is generally slower and is intended for local or systemic effects, depending on the medication.
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