A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is receiving metoprolol. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a therapeutic effect of the medication?
“I have less swelling in my ankles.”
“I can walk farther without getting tired.”
“I don’t have chest pain anymore.”
“I can breathe better at night.”.
The Correct Answer is B
The correct answer is choice B. “I can walk farther without getting tired.” This statement indicates a therapeutic effect of metoprolol, which is a beta-blocker that reduces the heart rate, blood pressure, and the workload of the heart. This helps to improve the blood flow and oxygen delivery to the heart and other organs, and reduces the symptoms of heart failure such as fatigue, dyspnea, and edema.
Choice A is wrong because “I have less swelling in my ankles.” This statement indicates a possible effect of a diuretic, which is a medication that reduces fluid retention and edema by increasing urine output. Metoprolol does not have a direct diuretic effect, although it may indirectly reduce fluid accumulation by improving cardiac function.
Choice C is wrong because “I don’t have chest pain anymore.” This statement indicates a possible effect of a nitrate, which is a medication that dilates the blood vessels and reduces the oxygen demand of the heart. Metoprolol may also help to prevent or treat angina by lowering the heart rate and blood pressure, but it is not the primary medication for chest pain relief.
Choice D is wrong because “I can breathe better at night.” This statement indicates a possible effect of an oxygen therapy, which is a treatment that delivers supplemental oxygen to the lungs and improves gas exchange. Metoprolol may also help to reduce dyspnea by improving cardiac function and reducing pulmonary congestion, but it is not the primary treatment for respiratory distress.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) block the binding of angiotensin II to its receptors on blood vessels and adrenal glands, preventing its vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-stimulating effects
Choice A is wrong because beta blockers do not block angiotensin II receptors, but rather beta-adrenergic receptors, which are involved in the sympathetic nervous system.Beta blockers reduce heart rate and blood pressure by inhibiting the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline
Choice B is wrong because calcium channel blockers do not block angiotensin II receptors, but rather calcium channels, which are involved in the contraction of smooth muscle cells.Calcium channel blockers relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure by reducing the influx of calcium into the cells
Choice D is wrong because direct acting vasodilators do not block angiotensin II receptors, but rather act directly on the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels, causing them to relax and dilate.Direct acting vasodilators lower blood pressure by decreasing peripheral resistance
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
Losartan (Cozaar) is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that is used to treat heart failure by lowering blood pressure and reducing fluid retention.
Patients taking losartan should:
• Weigh themselves every morning and report any changes.
This helps to monitor fluid status and detect signs of worsening heart failure.Weight gain of more than 2 kg (4.4 lb) in a week or 1 kg (2.2 lb) in a day should be reported to the health care provider.
• Call their doctor if they have a sore throat or fever.This could indicate an infection or a rare but serious side effect of losartan called angioedema, which causes swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.
The other choices are wrong because:
• Losartan does not need to be taken with food to prevent stomach upset.It can be taken with or without food.
• Losartan does not increase the sensitivity to sunlight.However, some other medications for heart failure, such as diuretics, may do so.
• Drinking plenty of fluids to stay hydrated is not recommended for patients with heart failure, as it may worsen fluid retention and overload the heart.Patients should follow their prescribed fluid restriction and limit their sodium intake.
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