A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse notes lung crackles, hypoxia, and distended neck veins. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
Stop the transfusion.
Place the client in high-Fowler's position.
Obtain a prescription for a diuretic.
Administer oxygen to the client.
Administer epinephrine to the client.
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D
A. Stop the transfusion. The first action is to stop the transfusion to prevent further fluid overload.
B. Place the client in high-Fowler's position. This position reduces venous return to the heart and improves breathing and oxygenation.
C. Obtain a prescription for a diuretic. Diuretics (e.g., furosemide) help remove excess fluid, relieving pulmonary congestion and reducing strain on the heart.
D. Administer oxygen to the client. Oxygen helps relieve hypoxia caused by fluid buildup in the lungs.
E. Administer epinephrine to the client. Epinephrine is used for anaphylactic reactions, not circulatory overload. There is no indication of an allergic reaction in this scenario.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]
Explanation
A. Stop the transfusion. The first action is to stop the transfusion to prevent further fluid overload.
B. Place the client in high-Fowler's position. This position reduces venous return to the heart and improves breathing and oxygenation.
C. Obtain a prescription for a diuretic. Diuretics (e.g., furosemide) help remove excess fluid, relieving pulmonary congestion and reducing strain on the heart.
D. Administer oxygen to the client. Oxygen helps relieve hypoxia caused by fluid buildup in the lungs.
E. Administer epinephrine to the client. Epinephrine is used for anaphylactic reactions, not circulatory overload. There is no indication of an allergic reaction in this scenario.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "Insert the IV catheter using the Z-track technique." The Z-track technique is used for intramuscular (IM) injections, not IV therapy.
B. "Insert the IV catheter with the bevel down." The bevel should be up to facilitate smooth vein entry.
C. "Remove the roller clamp from the tubing prior to IV insertion." The roller clamp should remain in place to control fluid flow and prevent air from entering the tubing.
D. "Apply the tourniquet 5 to 10 cm (about 2 to 4 in) above the IV insertion site." This placement helps distend the vein for easier cannulation without restricting arterial blood flow.
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