A nurse is assessing a patient who reports persistent cough, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue. The nurse suspects tuberculosis (TB). Which additional symptom would further support this diagnosis?

Nausea and vomiting after eating fatty foods

Sudden high fever and chills with a rash

Wheezing and shortness of breath that improves with bronchodilators

Productive cough with blood (hemoptysis)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Nausea and vomiting after eating fatty foods: This symptom is more commonly associated with gallbladder disease (e.g., cholecystitis) rather than TB.

B. Sudden high fever and chills with a rash: TB typically causes a low-grade fever, night sweats, and progressive weight loss rather than sudden high fevers with a rash, which are more indicative of systemic infections like meningococcemia or viral exanthems.

C. Wheezing and shortness of breath that improves with bronchodilators: While TB can cause respiratory symptoms, it does not typically present with reversible airway constriction like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which respond to bronchodilators.

D. Productive cough with blood (hemoptysis): Hemoptysis (coughing up blood) is a hallmark symptom of active TB, resulting from lung tissue damage caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Apply an ice pack to the casted leg: Ice packs help with swelling and pain but are not the priority over assessing for neurovascular compromise.

B. Perform a neurovascular assessment. The priority action is to assess circulation, sensation, and movement (CSM) to rule out compartment syndrome, which is a limb-threatening complication. Any signs of compromised blood flow require immediate intervention.

C. Provide reassurance to the client and parents. Providing reassurance is important for emotional support but does not take priority over ensuring proper blood flow and nerve function in the affected limb.

D. Explain the discharge instructions to the client and parents. Teaching is essential but should be done after confirming that the limb is not at risk for serious complications.

A. A rapidly growing, irregular brown lesion with uneven borders B. A slow-growing, pearly or waxy nodule with visible blood vessels with central ulceration C. A dark, flat lesion with a satellite pattern of spreading pigmentation D. A firm, scaly lesion with a rough, honey crusted surface

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A rapidly growing, irregular brown lesion with uneven borders. This description is more characteristic of melanoma, which presents as an asymmetrical, dark lesion with irregular borders and rapid growth.

B. A slow-growing, pearly or waxy nodule with visible blood vessels with central ulceration. BCC typically appears as a pearly, waxy nodule with visible telangiectasia (small blood vessels). It grows slowly and may develop a central ulceration over time.

C. A dark, flat lesion with a satellite pattern of spreading pigmentation. This description aligns more with melanoma, which often spreads in a radial pattern with satellite lesions.

D. A firm, scaly lesion with a rough, honey-crusted surface. This description is more consistent with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which presents as a rough, scaly lesion that may ulcerate.

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A nurse is assessing a patient who reports persistent cough, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue. The nurse suspects tuberculosis (TB). Which additional symptom would further support this diagnosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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