A nurse is assessing the sexuality of an older adult client.

Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further education?

The correct answer is A.

The client reports increased sexual satisfaction and enjoyment.This outcome would indicate that the interventions were successful in enhancing the sexuality of an older adult client, which is the way we experience and express ourselves sexually.Sexuality is often affected by one’s emotional and physical state, and normal aging brings physical changes that can sometimes interfere with the ability to have and enjoy sex.

Therefore, interventions that aim to improve sexual satisfaction and enjoyment are relevant and important for older adults.

Choice B is wrong because increased sexual response and function are not necessarily indicators of enhanced sexuality, as they may not reflect the feelings, desires, actions, and identity of the older adult client.Sexual response and function can also be influenced by physiological factors such as menopause, erectile dysfunction, or chronic health conditions, which may require medical treatment rather than nursing interventions.

Choice C is wrong because increased sexual identity and orientation are not outcomes of interventions to enhance sexuality, but rather aspects of one’s personal and social identity that are usually established earlier in life.

Sexual identity and orientation are not affected by aging or health conditions, and do not need to be improved or changed by nursing interventions.

Choice D is wrong because increased sexual feelings and desires are not sufficient to measure the effectiveness of interventions to enhance sexuality, as they may not translate into sexual satisfaction and enjoyment.Sexual feelings and desires can also vary depending on the context, the partner, the mood, or other factors that are not related to the interventions.

The normal ranges for sexual activity in older adults depend on various factors such as personal preferences, health status, relationship status, availability of partner, social norms, and cultural values.

There is no single or standard definition of what constitutes normal or healthy sexuality for older adults.

However, some general guidelines for promoting sexual health in older adults are:.

• Communicate openly and honestly with your partner about your sexual needs and expectations.

• Use lubricants, pillows, or other aids to make sex more comfortable and enjoyable.

• Explore different ways of expressing intimacy and affection.

The correct answer is B.

“Why do you say that?.

What makes you feel that way?.” This is an open-ended question that encourages the client to express their feelings and thoughts, and shows empathy and respect from the nurse.

The nurse can then explore the factors that contribute to the client’s low self-esteem and depression, and provide appropriate interventions and referrals.

Choice A is wrong because it is a false reassurance that does not address the client’s underlying issues.

It may also make the client feel invalidated or patronized.

Choice C is wrong because it dismisses the client’s sexual needs and implies that they are not important.

Sexuality is a basic human need and a source of pleasure and intimacy for many people, regardless of age.

Choice D is wrong because it suggests that the client’s appearance is the cause of their low self-esteem and depression, and that changing it will solve their problems.

This may reinforce the client’s negative self-image and make them feel more insecure.

Older adults who have depression and low self-esteem may benefit from nursing interventions such as:.

• Providing a safe and supportive environment that promotes trust and rapport.

• Assessing for risk factors and signs of depression, such as loss of interest, hopelessness, guilt, insomnia, appetite changes, suicidal ideation, etc.

• Assessing for physical, psychological, social, and environmental factors that may affect the client’s self-esteem and sexual function, such as chronic illness, medication side effects, cognitive impairment, abuse, isolation, stigma, etc.

• Educating the client about depression and its treatment options, including medication, psychotherapy, counseling, support groups, etc.

• Encouraging the client to participate in activities that enhance their mood, self-esteem, and social interaction, such as exercise, hobbies, volunteering, etc.

• Encouraging the client to express their feelings and concerns, and listening actively and empathically.

• Helping the client identify their strengths and achievements, and challenging their negative thoughts and beliefs about themselves.

• Helping the client set realistic and attainable goals, and providing positive feedback and reinforcement.

• Respecting the client’s sexual needs and preferences, and providing information and resources on sexual health and safety.

• Referring the client to appropriate professionals or agencies for further assessment and intervention if needed.