A nurse is assisting in the care of an adolescent client who has been diagnosed with testicular cancer. The nurse understands that testicular cancer most often develops from mutations of which of the following types of cells?

Leukocytes

Germ cells

Epithelial cells

Lymphocytes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Leukocytes. Leukocytes (white blood cells) are involved in the immune response and are not the primary cells affected in testicular cancer. Cancers of leukocytes include leukemia and lymphoma, not testicular cancer.

B. Germ cells. This is correct. Testicular cancer most commonly arises from germ cells, which are the cells responsible for producing sperm. Germ cell tumors (GCTs) account for over 90% of testicular cancers, including seminomas and non-seminomas.

C. Epithelial cells. Epithelial cells line various tissues and organs, but they are not the primary source of testicular cancer. Epithelial cell cancers, like carcinomas, more commonly affect the skin, lungs, and digestive tract.

D. Lymphocytes. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell involved in the immune system. Testicular lymphoma can occur but is rare compared to germ cell tumors, which are the most frequent type of testicular cancer in adolescents and young adults.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Complete a screening test for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). By 18 months, most toddlers have said their first word, and a lack of speech development can be an early sign of ASD or other developmental delays. The M-CHAT (Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers) is a common screening tool used at this age to assess for autism. Early identification allows for timely interventions.

B. Ask the parent about recent immunizations. While immunization history is important for overall health, there is no connection between vaccines and delayed speech development. This question does not directly address the developmental concern at hand.

C. Educate the parent that toddlers do not typically say their first word until 18-20 months of age. This is incorrect. Most toddlers say their first word around 12 months, and by 18 months, they typically have a vocabulary of several words. A lack of speech at this age warrants further assessment.

D. Ask the parent if the toddler has a history of hospitalizations or surgeries. While medical history is important, hospitalizations or surgeries are not the most common causes of delayed speech. Developmental screening is the most appropriate next step in evaluating speech delays.

A. “Cognitive abilities in children with Down syndrome cannot be improved, so focusing on physical health is the only priority." B. “Infants who have Down syndrome typically have significantly higher IQ scores compared to typically developing infants." C. “Early intervention programs can mitigate cognitive impairments in infants who have Down syndrome." D. “Cognitive abilities of infants who have Down syndrome are typically within the average range during the first year of life."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Cognitive abilities in children with Down syndrome cannot be improved, so focusing on physical health is the only priority." While children with Down syndrome do experience cognitive impairments, early intervention programs such as speech, occupational, and physical therapy can enhance cognitive, motor, and social development, improving their overall functioning.

B. "Infants who have Down syndrome typically have significantly higher IQ scores compared to typically developing infants." Children with Down syndrome generally have mild to moderate intellectual disability, and their IQ scores tend to be lower than typically developing peers, not higher.

C. "Early intervention programs can mitigate cognitive impairments in infants who have Down syndrome." This is correct. Early stimulation, structured learning environments, and specialized therapies can help optimize the child's cognitive potential and improve adaptive skills.

D. "Cognitive abilities of infants who have Down syndrome are typically within the average range during the first year of life." Although some developmental milestones may appear similar in early infancy, delays in cognitive and motor development often become noticeable within the first year, distinguishing children with Down syndrome from their typically developing peers.

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A nurse is assisting in the care of an adolescent client who has been diagnosed with testicular cancer. The nurse understands that testicular cancer most often develops from mutations of which of the following types of cells?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching to the parents of a 2-month-old infant who has Down Syndrome. Which of the following statements addressing cognitive ability should the nurse reinforce?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assisting in the care of a 3-year-old preschool child who has extreme manifestations of lead poisoning. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first?

A nurse is providing care for an infant who has heart failure and is being discharged from the hospital. When reinforcing discharge education, which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse ensure caregivers are able to identify as signs of worsening heart failure?

A nurse is caring for a child who has a new diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia. Which of the following information regarding implications of the diagnosis should the nurse reinforce in the discharge instructions?

A nurse is providing care to a child who has Down syndrome during a well-child checkup. Which of the following assessment findings requires immediate follow-up by the nurse?

A nurse is assisting in the care of an infant diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot. The infant's caregiver asks the nurse to explain this diagnosis. Which of the following is an accurate statement about this condition?

A nurse is caring for a 13-year-old adolescent in the pediatric emergency room who has a suspected head injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?