A nurse is assisting with teaching a client who has obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) about continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

The CPAP device should fit loosely on the face.

The CPAP device delivers less pressure during exhalation than inhalation.

The CPAP device requires an invasive ventilation tube.

The CPAP device should be placed over the nose.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale:
The CPAP device should not fit loosely on the face. It should fit snugly to create a proper seal and maintain positive airway pressure. A loose-fitting CPAP mask may not effectively treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
Choice B rationale:
The CPAP device typically delivers consistent pressure throughout both inhalation and exhalation. It does not deliver less pressure during exhalation. The purpose of CPAP is to maintain a constant pressure to keep the airway open during both phases of the respiratory cycle.
Choice C rationale:
The CPAP device does not require an invasive ventilation tube. It uses a mask that covers the nose or both the nose and mouth to deliver positive airway pressure. It is non-invasive and is designed to keep the airway open by delivering pressurized air.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Using heavy pressure on the cold pack for greater effectiveness is not the correct approach when applying a cold pack to an injured area. Applying excessive pressure can lead to tissue damage, frostbite, and can be uncomfortable for the patient. Cold packs should be applied with gentle, even pressure to avoid complications.

Choice B rationale:

Leaving the cold pack in place for over 30 minutes at a time is not recommended. Prolonged exposure to cold can also cause tissue damage, including frostbite. It is generally advised to limit cold pack applications to 20-30 minutes at a time to prevent complications.

Choice C rationale:

Preparing to apply heat instead if cold is not effective is not the appropriate action in this scenario. When a healthcare provider orders a cold pack application, it is essential to follow the prescribed treatment plan. Heat should only be considered if it is specifically ordered as an alternative treatment.

Choice D rationale:

Placing a towel between the pack and the skin is the correct approach to prevent patient injury when applying a cold pack. This helps to protect the skin from direct contact with the cold pack, reducing the risk of frostbite or cold-related injuries. It ensures a barrier between the cold pack and the patient's skin, providing a safe and comfortable application.

A. long periods of time, but it is best to check with the primary care provider first. B. short periods of time without physician approval, because they are nonprescription medications. C. short periods of time, but it is best to check with the primary care provider first. D. long periods of time without primary care provider approval, because they are nonprescription medications.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

It is not advisable to use sedative pills for long periods of time without consulting a primary care provider. Prolonged use of sedatives can lead to dependence and other adverse effects. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice B rationale:

Using sedative pills for short periods of time without physician approval is not a safe practice. Even nonprescription medications, including over-the-counter sedatives, should be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider. This choice is incorrect.

Choice C rationale:

The best advice for the patient is to use sedative pills for short periods of time, but it is best to check with the primary care provider first. This is the most appropriate choice as it emphasizes short-term use while also promoting communication with a healthcare provider to ensure the medication's safety and effectiveness.

Choice D rationale:

Using sedative pills for long periods of time without primary care provider approval is not recommended. It can lead to potential risks and side effects associated with prolonged sedative use. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

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A nurse is assisting with teaching a client who has obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) about continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

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