A nurse is assisting with the care of a client that sustained deep partial thickness and full thickness burns over 60% of their body 24 hours ago and is requesting pain medication. The nurse would ensure the medication is administered using which of the following routes to administer the medication?

Subcutaneous

Intravenous

Transdermal

Oral

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Subcutaneous
Poor tissue perfusion in burn clients makes subcutaneous administration ineffective.

B. Intravenous
In the acute phase of major burns, the IV route is preferred for analgesia because of unreliable absorption from other routes due to poor tissue perfusion.

C. Transdermal
Damaged or burned skin will not absorb medications effectively.

D. Oral
Oral absorption may be delayed or unpredictable due to stress responses, NPO status, or ileus in critically ill burn clients.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Percent of body surface burned:
Important for guiding fluid resuscitation, but airway and breathing always take priority in the ABCs.

B. Respiratory status:
Inhalation injury is a life-threatening complication in fire-related burns. Assess for stridor, soot in nares/mouth, and signs of respiratory distress first.

C. Review of chronic illnesses:
Relevant for overall care planning, but not an initial priority in the emergency phase.

D. Burn depth:
Guides long-term care but is secondary to airway and breathing in the acute setting.

A. Decreased metabolic rate B. Increased capillary permeability C. Normal electrolyte levels D. Excessive fluid intake

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Decreased metabolic rate:
Burns cause an increase, not decrease, in metabolic rate due to the hypermetabolic state post-injury.

B. Increased capillary permeability:
This is a hallmark of burn injuries. Damaged capillaries leak fluid into interstitial spaces, leading to fluid and electrolyte imbalance.

C. Normal electrolyte levels:
Electrolyte levels are often abnormal in burn patients due to fluid shifts and tissue damage.

D. Excessive fluid intake:
Overhydration can be harmful, but it is not a typical cause of the initial fluid imbalance seen in burns.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is brought to the emergency department with burns over 40% of the body from apartment fire. Which assessment should take priority?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is taking care of a burn patient with deep partial-thickness burns. Which of the following factors can contribute to fluid imbalance in burn patients?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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