A nurse is auscultating breath sounds of a client with pneumonia. The nurse should recognize that lung consolidation produces which adventitious sound?

Bronchial sounds

Crackles

Whispered pectoriloquy

Bronchophony

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Bronchial sounds:
Bronchial breath sounds are normal over the trachea and large bronchi but are considered abnormal if heard over the peripheral lung fields. In the case of pneumonia or other types of lung consolidation, bronchial sounds may be transmitted to more peripheral areas of the lungs where they are typically not heard. However, bronchial sounds themselves are not the specific adventitious sound produced by lung consolidation, though their presence can suggest consolidation.

B) Crackles:
Crackles (also known as rales) are the adventitious sounds most commonly associated with lung consolidation, such as in pneumonia. Crackles occur when air bubbles move through the fluid or mucus in the alveoli and small airways. In pneumonia, the inflammation and accumulation of fluid or pus in the alveoli (consolidation) causes crackling or popping sounds during inspiration. Crackles are a key indicator of consolidation in the lungs, making this the correct choice.

C) Whispered pectoriloquy:
Whispered pectoriloquy is a type of vocal fremitus that can be heard during auscultation when the patient whispers a phrase. It is an abnormal finding that can occur in the presence of lung consolidation, where the whispered sounds are heard more clearly or louder than normal. While it is related to lung consolidation, it is not an adventitious sound like crackles. Instead, it is a sign that can indicate the presence of consolidation when paired with other findings like bronchophony.

D) Bronchophony:
Bronchophony is the increased clarity and intensity of spoken sounds during auscultation, which occurs in areas of lung consolidation. When a patient says "99," the sound may become more distinct and louder when consolidation is present. Although bronchophony is another finding that may suggest consolidation, it is a vocal sound rather than an adventitious breath sound. Bronchophony refers specifically to changes in voice transmission, not to the crackling or popping sounds caused by consolidation itself.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) When the client is obese:
While obesity can affect the overall ease of breathing due to increased fat tissue around the chest and abdomen, it is not a direct cause of unequal chest expansion. Obesity can limit the depth of breath and potentially make it harder for the chest to expand fully, but it would not typically cause asymmetry in the movement of the chest on one side. Unequal chest expansion is more likely to occur due to underlying respiratory or structural issues.

B) When part of the lung is obstructed or collapsed:
This is the most accurate reason for unequal chest expansion. If part of the lung is obstructed (such as with a mucous plug or foreign body) or collapsed (as in the case of pneumothorax or atelectasis), it prevents that area of the lung from fully expanding during inspiration. As a result, the affected side of the chest will expand less than the opposite side. This can be a critical finding and warrants immediate further investigation to determine the cause and ensure appropriate treatment.

C) When accessory muscles are used to facilitate respiratory effort:
While the use of accessory muscles (e.g., the sternocleidomastoid, scalene, and intercostal muscles) often occurs during labored breathing, it does not specifically result in unequal chest expansion. Accessory muscle use typically occurs in conditions like severe asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or respiratory distress, where there is an increased effort to breathe, but it doesn't cause asymmetry in the chest's movement. Unequal chest expansion is usually related to a localized problem in the lung or pleura, not the general use of muscles.

D) When bulging of the intercostal spaces is present:
Bulging of the intercostal spaces may suggest increased pressure in the pleural space, such as in the case of a pleural effusion or severe respiratory distress. However, while bulging intercostal spaces can be a sign of a respiratory condition, it is not typically associated with unequal chest expansion. Instead, bulging could indicate that the lung or chest wall is under stress or that there is fluid accumulation, which would lead to other physical findings like decreased breath sounds or dullness to percussion, but it does not directly cause unequal expansion. Unequal expansion is more likely to occur when part of the lung is obstructed or collapsed

A. Frontal sinusitis B. Maxillary sinusitis C. Nasal fracture D. Nasal polyps

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Frontal sinusitis:
This is incorrect. Frontal sinusitis typically causes pain and tenderness in the forehead area, above the eyes, and along the brow ridge. While frontal sinusitis can lead to headaches and facial pain, it generally does not cause pain in the teeth, cheeks, or nasal discharge as specifically as maxillary sinusitis. Pain in the cheeks and upper teeth, along with purulent nasal discharge, is more characteristic of maxillary sinus involvement.

B) Maxillary sinusitis:
This is the correct answer. Maxillary sinusitis is the inflammation or infection of the maxillary sinuses, which are located behind the cheeks. Common symptoms include throbbing pain in the cheeks, teeth, and upper jaw, swollen turbinates (the structures inside the nose that help with airflow and filtering), and purulent nasal discharge. These symptoms match the description provided, making maxillary sinusitis the most likely diagnosis.

C) Nasal fracture:
This is incorrect. A nasal fracture typically presents with pain, swelling, bruising, and sometimes deformity of the nose, often accompanied by epistaxis (nosebleeds). While a nasal fracture can cause pain, it would not typically cause the throbbing pain in the face, teeth, and cheeks, nor would it be associated with swollen turbinates and purulent nasal discharge as seen in sinusitis.

D) Nasal polyps:
This is incorrect. Nasal polyps are non-cancerous growths that form in the nasal passages or sinuses due to chronic inflammation. They often cause nasal obstruction, reduced sense of smell, or frequent sinus infections. However, they do not typically cause the throbbing facial pain, particularly in the teeth and cheeks, that is characteristic of maxillary sinusitis. They also do not cause the purulent discharge seen in sinus infections.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

A nurse is auscultating breath sounds of a client with pneumonia. The nurse should recognize that lung consolidation produces which adventitious sound?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is performing an assessment of an adult client and observes unequal chest expansion. The nurse should recognize that unequal chest expansion I occur for which reason?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client complaining of throbbing pain in the face, teeth, and cheeks. Upon palpation, the nurse notes swollen turbinates and a purulent discharge the nose. The nurse should recognize that the client's symptoms best correlate with which problem?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is auscultating the lungs of a sleeping client and hears short, popping, crackling breath sounds that stop after a few breaths. How should the nurse document these breath sounds in the client's medical record?

A nurse is listening to the heart sounds of a client. What information about S2 sounds should the nurse recognize as accurate?

A client was recently diagnosed with a heart murmur and is asking the nurse for more information. How should the nurse describe to the client about what a heart murmur is?

A nurse is completing an assessment o a client suspected of having a carotid artery blockage. Which of the following techniques should the nurse to assess the client's carotid arteries?

A nurse is palpating a client's anterior chest wall and notices a course, crackling sensation over the skin surface. Which of the following should the nurse suspect from these findings?

A client diagnosed with pleuritis has been admitted to the hospital and complains of pain with breathing. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect when auscultating a client with pleuritis?

A nurse is examining a client for tactile fremitus. The nurse should understand that what action is of primary importance when examining for tactile fremitus?

A nurse is performing a lung assessment on a client. The nurse should understand which information about lung structures?