A nurse is caring for a child with hearing impairment. Which action should the nurse prioritize to support the child’s communication development?

Determine the child’s preferred method of communication

Assess the child’s hearing and visual capabilities

Encourage the parent to have the child participate in activities that promote adaptation

Serve meals at the child’s usual mealtimes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Determine the child’s preferred method of communication: Identifying whether the child uses sign language, lip reading, gestures, or assistive devices is essential for effective communication. Tailoring interactions to the child’s preferred method promotes language development, social interaction, and learning opportunities.

B. Assess the child’s hearing and visual capabilities: While important for overall assessment, these evaluations provide baseline data but do not directly facilitate immediate communication strategies or support language development.

C. Encourage the parent to have the child participate in activities that promote adaptation: Participation in adaptive activities supports social and emotional growth, yet without knowing the child’s preferred communication method, these interactions may be less effective for promoting language and communication skills.

D. Serve meals at the child’s usual mealtimes: Maintaining routine mealtimes supports predictability and general care, but it does not directly address communication development or language acquisition.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. To decrease inflammation: While some prostaglandins (like those inhibited by NSAIDs) are involved in inflammation, Prostaglandin E1 (PGE_1) is used in neonates specifically for its effects on vascular smooth muscle.

B. To control pain: Prostaglandin E does not have analgesic properties and is not used for pain management in neonates with heart defects.

C. To decrease respirations: Prostaglandin E does not act as a respiratory depressant; it does not directly influence respiratory rate.

D. To improve oxygenation: In conditions like coarctation of the aorta or ductus-dependent congenital heart defects, prostaglandin E1 maintains patency of the ductus arteriosus. This allows continued blood flow between the pulmonary artery and aorta, improving systemic perfusion and oxygen delivery to vital organs until surgical correction can be performed.

A. A newborn who is 24 hr post-delivery and has not voided B. A newborn who is 18 hr post delivery and has acrocyanosis C. A newborn who is 24 hr post delivery and has not passed meconium D. A newborn who is 12 hr post-delivery and has a temperature of 100.5 F

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A newborn who is 24 hr post-delivery and has not voided: While voiding is expected within the first 24 hours, some healthy newborns may have delayed urination up to this point. Close monitoring is required, but it is not immediately life-threatening.

B. A newborn who is 18 hr post-delivery and has acrocyanosis: Acrocyanosis (bluish hands and feet) is a common, benign finding in the first 24–48 hours of life due to immature peripheral circulation and does not indicate urgent concern.

C. A newborn who is 24 hr post-delivery and has not passed meconium: Passage of meconium is expected within the first 24 hours, but a slight delay may occur in some healthy term infants. Monitoring and further evaluation may be needed, but it is not immediately critical.

D. A newborn who is 12 hr post-delivery and has a temperature of 100.5°F: Fever in a newborn can indicate infection or sepsis, which requires immediate assessment and intervention. Newborns have limited immune responses, making hyperthermia a priority concern requiring urgent attention.

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A nurse is caring for a child with hearing impairment. Which action should the nurse prioritize to support the child’s communication development?

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