A nurse is caring for a client on a pediatric unit.
Clear liquid diet
Hydration therapy
Low-fiber diet
Electrolyte replacement
Opioid analgesics
Antibiotic administration
Correct Answer : A,B,D
Rationale:
- Hydration therapy is the cornerstone of pediatric diarrhea management, as children are at high risk for rapid fluid loss and dehydration. Both oral rehydration solutions and IV fluids may be necessary depending on severity.
- Electrolyte replacement helps correct imbalances caused by frequent watery stools, especially sodium and potassium losses, preventing complications like hypovolemia and arrhythmias.
- Clear liquid diet provides gentle reintroduction of fluids and easy-to-digest intake, helping to maintain hydration while minimizing gastrointestinal irritation.
- Low-fiber diet may reduce stool bulk but is not a primary intervention for acute diarrhea.
- Opioid analgesics are contraindicated in children with diarrhea due to risk of bowel obstruction and toxicity.
- Antibiotic administration is only appropriate when a bacterial cause has been confirmed; most pediatric diarrhea is viral and self-limiting.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Hypertonic solutions, like TPN with 25% dextrose, can irritate peripheral veins and cause phlebitis. Administering them through a central line allows rapid dilution in a large volume of blood, reducing vein irritation and promoting safe infusion.
B. Blood glucose monitoring is not dependent on the line type; it is done via peripheral blood samples.
C. The infusion rate is determined by the prescribed therapy, not by whether a central line is used.
D. Central lines do not decrease the risk of infection; in fact, they carry a higher risk of central line–associated bloodstream infections compared with peripheral lines.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. NG tube drainage usually leads to loss of gastric fluid, which is rich in hydrochloric acid and potassium, but sodium is not typically elevated.
B. Magnesium loss is minimal in gastric drainage; elevation is unlikely.
C. Gastric secretions contain large amounts of potassium, so prolonged NG suctioning can lead to hypokalemia, which increases the risk of muscle weakness, cardiac dysrhythmias, and fatigue.
D. Calcium loss is not a direct consequence of NG tube drainage.
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