A nurse is caring for a client who has ulcerative colitis and is teaching the client about the common link with Crohn's disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Both are inflammatory.
Both affect the entire alimentary canal.
Both will require a bowel diversion.
Both disorders are caused by low-fat, high-fiber diets.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This is the correct answer because both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that cause chronic inflammation of the digestive tract. The inflammation can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, bleeding, weight loss, or fever. The nurse should educate the client on how to manage inflammation and prevent complications.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease do not affect the entire alimentary canal, but different parts of it. Ulcerative colitis affects only the colon (large intestine) and rectum, while Crohn's disease can affect any part of the digestive tract from mouth to anus, most commonly the ileum (the last part of the small intestine). The nurse should explain the differences in location and extent of
the diseases.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease do not always require a bowel diversion, but only in some cases. A bowel diversion is a surgical procedure that creates an opening (stoma) in the abdomen to divert fecal matter into an external bag or pouch. It may be done to treat severe complications such as perforation, obstruction, fistula, or cancer. The nurse should inform the client about the indications, types, and care of bowel diversions.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are not caused by low-fat, high-fiber diets, but by unknown factors. The exact causes of IBD are not clear, but they may involve genetic, immune, environmental, or microbial factors. Low-fat, high-fiber diets may help prevent or reduce symptoms of IBD, but they do not cause them. The nurse should advise the client on how to follow a balanced and nutritious diet that suits their individual needs and preferences.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason: Providing written materials and visual aids is not necessary for a client who has hearing at 15 dB, which is considered normal hearing. Normal hearing ranges from 0 to 20 dB, meaning that the person can hear sounds that are as faint as 20 dB or less.
Choice B Reason: Using American Sign Language is not appropriate for a client who has hearing at 15 dB, which is considered normal hearing. American Sign Language is a form of communication that uses hand gestures, facial expressions, and body movements to convey meaning. It is mainly used by people who are deaf or hard of hearing.
Choice C Reason: Shouting at the client from 6 inches away is not advisable for a client who has hearing at 15 dB, which is considered normal hearing. Shouting can be perceived as rude or aggressive, and can damage the hearing of both the speaker and the listener.
Choice D Reason: Speaking to the client in an everyday conversational tone is the best action for a client who has hearing at 15 dB, which is considered normal hearing. Conversational speech ranges from 40 to 60 dB, meaning that the person can hear sounds that are as loud as 60 dB or less.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because loss of peripheral vision is not a manifestation of cataracts, but of glaucoma. Glaucoma is a condition that causes increased pressure inside the eye and damage to the optic nerve, which can lead to loss of vision in the outer edges of the visual field. The nurse should assess the client's intraocular pressure and visual field test results to rule out glaucoma.
Choice B reason: This is correct because a decreased ability to perceive colors is a manifestation of cataracts. Cataracts are a condition that causes clouding or opacity of the lens, which is the transparent structure behind the pupil that focuses light onto the retina. Cataracts can reduce the clarity and contrast of vision and make colors appear faded or yellowish. The nurse should ask the client about any changes in color perception or brightness of objects.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because loss of central vision is not a manifestation of cataracts but of macular degeneration. Macular degeneration is a condition that affects the macula, which is the central part of the retina that is responsible for sharp and detailed vision. Macular degeneration can cause blurred or distorted central vision, difficulty reading or recognizing faces, or dark spots in the visual field. The nurse should assess the client's visual acuity and fundoscopic examination results to rule out macular degeneration.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because seeing bright flashes of light and floaters is not a manifestation of cataracts but of retinal detachment. Retinal detachment is a condition that occurs when the retina, which is the layer of tissue at the back of the eye that converts light into nerve impulses, separates from its underlying support tissue. Retinal detachment can cause sudden flashes of light, floaters, or shadows in the visual field. The nurse should refer the client to an ophthalmologist immediately if retinal detachment is suspected.
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