A nurse is caring for a client receiving a hemodialysis treatment. Which of the following complications should the nurse recognize when the client becomes restless and reports nausea and headache?

Acute hemolysis

Disequilibrium syndrome

Septic shock

Air embolism

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Acute hemolysis: While it is a complication of dialysis, it typically presents with back pain, dark red urine, and hypotension.

B. Disequilibrium syndrome: Caused by rapid removal of urea during dialysis, leading to cerebral edema. Early signs include nausea, headache, restlessness, and confusion.

C. Septic shock: Presents with hypotension, tachycardia, and signs of infection. Not the most likely with nausea and headache alone.

D. Air embolism: Presents with sudden chest pain, dyspnea, and hypotension; not typically with headache and restlessness alone.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Decreased serum sodium: Kayexalate exchanges sodium for potassium, so sodium may actually increase.

B. Decreased serum phosphorus: Kayexalate does not directly affect phosphate levels.

C. Decreased urine specific gravity: Kayexalate does not influence urine output or concentration.

D. Decreased serum potassium: Kayexalate treats hyperkalemia by exchanging potassium ions for sodium in the intestines, lowering serum potassium.

A. Urinary output 25 mL/hr B. Heart rate 122/min C. Pain of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10 D. Difficulty swallowing secretions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Urinary output 25 mL/hr: This is below normal, but not an immediate airway threat.

B. Heart rate 122/min: Elevated HR is common in burns due to fluid shifts and stress.

C. Pain of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10: Pain is expected but not life-threatening.

D. Difficulty swallowing secretions: Indicates possible airway edema or inhalation injury, which can progress to airway obstruction. This is a medical emergency.

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A nurse is caring for a client receiving a hemodialysis treatment. Which of the following complications should the nurse recognize when the client becomes restless and reports nausea and headache?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client receiving sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) for the treatment of chronic renal disease. The nurse should monitor for which therapeutic effect of sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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