A nurse is caring for a client that will receive a diuretic for fluid overload.
Which of the following diuretics act on the loop of Henle?
Spironolactone.
Hydrochlorothiazide.
Furosemide.
Mannitol.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that acts on the collecting ducts and late distal tubules but not on the loop of Henle.
Choice B rationale
Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that works on the distal convoluted tubule, not the loop of Henle.
Choice C rationale
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that acts on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle to inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption, leading to increased urine output.
Choice D rationale
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that primarily acts on the proximal tubule and the descending limb of the loop of Henle.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Benztropine is an anticholinergic agent used to treat Parkinsonism and extrapyramidal symptoms, not suitable for reversing heparin effects.
Choice B rationale
Protamine sulfate is the specific antidote for heparin overdose. It works by neutralizing the anticoagulant effects of heparin.
Choice C rationale
Vitamin K is an antidote for warfarin overdose, promoting the synthesis of clotting factors, but ineffective against heparin.
Choice D rationale
Digibind is an antidote for digoxin toxicity, not appropriate for counteracting heparin.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Antagonistic reactions occur when one drug interferes with the action of another, decreasing its effectiveness. This is not applicable in this case as aspirin and alcohol together increase the risk of bleeding rather than opposing each other's actions.
Choice B rationale
Synergistic reactions happen when two drugs enhance each other's effects. Aspirin and alcohol together can indeed increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, but this is not referred to as a synergistic reaction.
Choice C rationale
Additive reactions occur when two drugs with similar effects add up to a greater effect. Aspirin and alcohol both increase the risk of bleeding, and their combined effect leads to gastrointestinal bleeding.
Choice D rationale
Neutral reactions imply that the drugs do not interact and have no combined effect, which is incorrect here as the combination of aspirin and alcohol leads to an increased risk of GI bleeding.
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