A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for epoetin alfa. Which of the following routes should the nurse plan to use for administration?
Oral
Subcutaneous
Transdermal
Intranasal
The Correct Answer is B
B. Epoetin alfa is often administered subcutaneously to provide a slow and sustained release of the medication into the bloodstream. Subcutaneous administration allows for easy access to fatty tissue beneath the skin and provides a suitable absorption rate for the medication.
A. Epoetin alfa is a protein-based medication that would be broken down by digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract, rendering it ineffective if taken orally. Therefore, oral administration is not suitable for epoetin alfa.
C. Epoetin alfa molecules are too large to pass through the skin barrier effectively. Transdermal delivery systems are typically used for medications that are small, lipid-soluble, and can penetrate the skin's layers to enter the bloodstream.
D. Epoetin alfa is not formulated for absorption through nasal mucosa. Intranasal administration is generally reserved for medications that can be absorbed through the nasal membranes, such as certain hormones or medications for nasal conditions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B. Endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves, usually caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream. Treatment typically involves antibiotics that can penetrate into heart tissues to eradicate the infection.
A. Kidney transplant recipients are at risk for infections, particularly from immunosuppressive therapy that reduces their ability to fight off pathogens. Metronidazole is not commonly indicated.
C. Metronidazole can rarely cause neurotoxic side effects, including seizures, particularly with high doses or prolonged use. It is not used to treat seizures, and its use should be carefully monitored in patients with a history of seizures or neurological disorders.
D. Hypokalemia is a metabolic disorder that requires correction of potassium levels through appropriate supplementation or treatment of the underlying cause. Metronidazole is used for infections and does not play a role in managing electrolyte abnormalities like hypokalemia.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This statement indicates that the client understands the importance of having a drug-free period, which is essential when using nitroglycerin transdermal patches to prevent tolerance to the medication.
B. It's important to rotate patch sites to prevent skin irritation and to ensure consistent absorption of the medication. Applying a new patch to the same site repeatedly can lead to skin irritation or decreased absorption of the medication.
C. Nitroglycerin patches should not be cut in half. Cutting them could affect the controlled release mechanism designed to deliver a specific dose over time. Altering the patch in this way may result in uneven drug delivery or ineffective treatment.
D. Applying an additional patch without medical advice could result in an overdose of nitroglycerin, leading to severe hypotension, headache, or other adverse effects.
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