A nurse is caring for a client who has just been admitted to the medical-surgical unit from the emergency department.
The nurse is reviewing the client’s medical records.
Which of the following conditions is the client most likely experiencing, based on the client’s notes and actions to be taken?

Hyperglycemia

Anemia

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, is a condition that is most commonly seen in individuals with diabetes. Symptoms can include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated, it can lead to serious complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis.

Choice B rationale

Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen. Symptoms can include fatigue, weakness, pale or yellowish skin, irregular heartbeats, shortness of breath, dizziness or lightheadedness, and chest pain.

Choice C rationale

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin, a hormone needed to allow sugar (glucose) to enter cells to produce energy. The far more common type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t make enough insulin.

Choice D rationale

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition in which the long-term force of the blood against your artery walls is high enough that it may eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease. If the nurse is reviewing the client’s medical records and actions to be taken, it is likely that the client is experiencing hypertension.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

It is not recommended to increase weight-bearing exercises during pregnancy. Weight-bearing exercises can put additional stress on the joints, which are already under strain due to the increased weight and changes in body shape during pregnancy.

Choice B rationale

It is not necessary to refrain from exercises that include stretching during pregnancy. In fact, gentle stretching can be beneficial to help alleviate some common discomforts of pregnancy such as backache and leg cramps.

Choice C rationale

Moderate exercise does improve circulation. Improved circulation can help reduce swelling, varicose veins, and feelings of fatigue, which are common during pregnancy.

Choice D rationale

It is not necessary to rest for 30 minutes before each new exercise. However, pregnant women should listen to their bodies and rest if they feel tired.

A. Restrict outdoor activity to 1 hour per day. B. Apply cold compresses when your child expresses pain. C. Drink fluids multiple times every day. D. Monitor your temperature daily.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Restricting outdoor activity to 1 hour per day is not necessary for patients with sickle cell anemia. While strenuous exercise and overexertion should be avoided, regular moderate exercise is beneficial and helps to promote good overall health.

Choice B rationale

Applying cold compresses when the child expresses pain is not recommended. Cold can lead to vasoconstriction, which can trigger a sickle cell crisis. Instead, warm compresses are often used to help increase circulation and reduce pain.

Choice C rationale

Drinking fluids multiple times every day is crucial. Hydration helps to keep the blood diluted and reduces the chances of a sickle cell crisis. Dehydration can increase the risk of a sickle cell crisis.

Choice D rationale

Monitoring temperature daily is not specifically required for patients with sickle cell anemia. However, any signs of infection, such as fever, should be reported to a healthcare provider immediately, as infection can trigger a sickle cell crisis.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has just been admitted to the medical-surgical unit from the emergency department.The nurse is reviewing the client’s medical records.Which of the following conditions is the client most likely experiencing, based on the client’s notes and actions to be taken?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

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