A nurse is caring for a client who has liver cirrhosis with ascites, bleeding esophageal varices, and portal hypertension. The nurse recognizes which of the following laboratory findings as indicating the client's gastrointestinal (GI) tract is digesting and absorbing blood?
Decreased bilirubin
Decreased chloride
Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Elevated HbA1c
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Decreased bilirubin is unrelated to digestion of blood in the GI tract.
B. Chloride levels do not indicate blood digestion.
C. When a client with esophageal varices bleeds into the GI tract, the digestion and absorption of blood proteins lead to increased nitrogen load, reflected as elevated BUN.
D. HbA1c reflects long-term blood glucose control, not acute digestion of blood.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. RBC count is not typically affected by acute pancreatitis unless there is bleeding, which is uncommon.
B. Serum amylase is elevated in acute pancreatitis because pancreatic inflammation leads to the release of digestive enzymes into the bloodstream. Amylase levels usually rise within 6–12 hours of symptom onset and remain elevated for 3–5 days.
C. Calcium levels often decrease in acute pancreatitis due to fat saponification, not increase.
D. Magnesium levels are usually normal or decreased, but elevation is not a typical finding in pancreatitis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Clients with hepatitis often experience anorexia and nausea. Small, frequent meals are better tolerated than three large meals.
B. Carbohydrates are the primary source of calories in clients with hepatitis. They help spare protein and allow the liver to rest and heal. This is the recommended dietary intervention.
C. Protein should be limited in clients with severe hepatitis, especially if liver function is impaired, because excess protein can worsen encephalopathy.
D. Acetaminophen is hepatotoxic and should be avoided in clients with hepatitis due to the risk of further liver damage.
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