A nurse is caring for a client who has major burns and is experiencing dehydration. The nurse should anticipate a prescription to infuse which of the following solutions?

0.45% sodium chloride

Lactated Ringer's

Dextrose 5% in water

Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. 0.45% sodium chloride: 0.45% sodium chloride solution, also known as half-normal saline, is a hypotonic solution used for rehydration and maintenance fluid therapy. However, in cases of
major burns where there is a significant loss of fluid and electrolytes, isotonic solutions are generally preferred.
B. Lactated Ringer's: Lactated Ringer's solution is an isotonic crystalloid solution that closely resembles the electrolyte composition of extracellular fluid. It is commonly used for fluid resuscitation in clients with major burns to replace lost fluids and electrolytes and restore
intravascular volume.

C. Dextrose 5% in water: Dextrose 5% in water is a hypotonic solution used primarily for hydration in clients with normal electrolyte levels or as a vehicle for administering medications.
It is not typically used for fluid resuscitation in clients with major burns, as it does not adequately replace lost electrolytes.
D. Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride: This solution combines dextrose 5% and 0.45% sodium chloride and is used for maintenance fluid therapy and mild dehydration. However, in cases of major burns where there is significant fluid and electrolyte loss, isotonic solutions like lactated Ringer's or normal saline are preferred for fluid resuscitation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A.While medication verification is important, this is not specific to administering an intermittent IV bolus. It is standard practice for high-alert medications, not routine antibiotics.

B. Flushing the IV site with sterile water prior to connecting the secondary infusion is not standard practice. Normal saline is typically used to maintain patency, but it is not necessary before connecting the secondary infusion.
C.To administer a secondary infusion (e.g., antibiotic), the secondary bag must be hung higher than the primary infusion. This allows gravity to prioritize the secondary infusion through the Y-site.

D. Disconnecting the primary IV infusion to connect the secondary infusion is not correct. The secondary infusion should connect to the primary line without disrupting the ongoing infusion unless otherwise indicated.

A. To assess compatibility of the verapamil with newly ordered medications B. To request a change in the dosage of the verapamil C. To verify the frequency of administration of the verapamil D. To report the client's refusal to take the verapamil

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. To assess compatibility of the verapamil with newly ordered medications: Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension, angina, and arrhythmias. It has potential interactions with many other medications due to its effects on cardiac conduction and blood
pressure. Therefore, consulting the pharmacist is important to assess compatibility and potential drug interactions when new medications are prescribed.
B. To request a change in the dosage of the verapamil: Changing the dosage of verapamil may require a healthcare provider's order rather than consultation with a pharmacist.
C. To verify the frequency of administration of the verapamil: The frequency of administration of verapamil is typically determined by the healthcare provider and documented in the prescription. The pharmacist's role may involve dispensing the medication as prescribed but not verifying the frequency unless there are discrepancies.
D. To report the client's refusal to take the verapamil: Reporting the client's refusal to take the medication should be communicated to the healthcare provider for further assessment and
intervention. The pharmacist's role is primarily related to medication dispensing and ensuring appropriate use rather than addressing client refusals.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has major burns and is experiencing dehydration. The nurse should anticipate a prescription to infuse which of the following solutions?

Nursing Test Bank

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