A nurse is caring for a client whose assessment and diagnostic testing are suggestive of acute pancreatitis. When the nurse is performing the health interview, what assessment question(s) addresses likely etiologic factors? Select all that apply.

How many alcoholic drinks do you typically consume in a week?"

"Have you ever been tested for diabetes?"

"Have you ever been diagnosed with gallstones?"

"Would you say that you eat a particularly high-fat diet?"

"Does anyone in your family have cystic fibrosis?"

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E

A. Excessive alcohol use is one of the leading causes of acute pancreatitis. Asking about alcohol intake helps identify this key risk factor.
B. Diabetes is more commonly a complication of chronic pancreatitis rather than a cause of acute pancreatitis.
C. Gallstones can block the pancreatic duct and are a major cause of acute pancreatitis.
D. While a high-fat diet may contribute to gallstone formation over time, it is not a direct cause of acute pancreatitis.
E. Cystic fibrosis can affect the pancreas and is a known hereditary risk factor, especially in younger patients, for pancreatitis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hepatitis E virus is transmitted primarily through the fecal-oral route, so following proper hand-washing techniques is essential to prevent infection.
B. Avoiding liver-toxic chemicals helps maintain liver health but does not prevent hepatitis E infection.
C. Avoiding contaminated water and food also helps prevent hepatitis E since it is often spread through contaminated sources.
D. Limiting alcohol intake supports liver health but is not a direct preventive measure against hepatitis E virus.

A. Monitoring the client for dysrhythmias B. Maintaining and monitoring the client's fluid balance C. Assessing the client's level of consciousness D. Assessing the client for signs and symptoms of venous thromboembolism

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Monitoring for dysrhythmias is important, especially due to potential electrolyte shifts, but it is secondary to stabilizing perfusion and hydration.
B. Maintaining and monitoring fluid balance is the top priority in the initial management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) because clients are severely dehydrated due to osmotic diuresis. Prompt fluid resuscitation is essential to restore perfusion and support metabolic correction.
C. Assessing level of consciousness is necessary, especially if cerebral edema is a concern, but it follows after fluid and metabolic stabilization.
D. Venous thromboembolism is a risk in critically ill patients, but it is not an immediate priority in the acute phase of DKA treatment.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is giving a health education session. A participant has asked about the hepatitis E virus. What prevention measure should the nurse recommend for preventing infection with this virus?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with a history of type 1 diabetes has just been admitted to the critical care unit (CCU) for diabetic ketoacidosis. The CCU nurse should prioritize what assessment during the client's initial phase of treatment?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a patient on the medical floor who is being treated for pneumonia and reports sudden shortness of breath. An arterial blood gas (ABG) is drawn. The ABG has the following values: pH 7.21, PaCO2 64 mm Hg, HCO3 24 mm Hg. Which condition does the ABG reflect?

A triage nurse is in the emergency room assessing a patient with a longstanding diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder. The nurse notes upon assessment the client is hyperventilating. The triage nurse is aware that hyperventilation is the most common cause of which acid-base imbalance?

A nurse is providing discharge education to a client who has undergone a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. During the immediate recovery period, the nurse should recommend what foods?

A nurse is caring for four hospitalized clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at risk for fluid volume deficit?

It is the end of your 12-hour shift. The patient consumed: 1 cup of coffee, one 3-oz cup of juice, 240 ml of milk, 210 ml of milkshake, 12 ounces of tea, 3 oz of Jello, one 12 oz cola, and 150 ml of water with meds. What is the patient's 12-hour oral intake you will document in ml?

A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease for fluid volume increase. Which of the following provides a reliable measure of fluid retention?

A nurse is caring for a 30-year-old client who has been diagnosed with Cushing syndrome. What psychosocial nursing diagnosis should the nurse prioritize when planning the client's care?