A nurse is caring for a client with acute renal failure. What medical condition in the client's history increases the risk of prerenal acute renal failure?

A. Correct. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE. inhibitors can contribute to prerenal acute renal failure, especially in clients with preexisting cardiovascular disease. These medications may cause vasodilation and decrease blood flow to the kidneys, leading to impaired kidney function.

B. Incorrect. Beta-blockers are not directly associated with prerenal acute renal failure.

C. Incorrect. Calcium channel blockers are not typically associated with prerenal acute renal failure.

D. Incorrect. Thiazide diuretics may cause electrolyte imbalances and metabolic disturbances, but they are not a common cause of prerenal acute renal failure.

QUESTIONS

A. Incorrect. Acute renal failure is not a chronic condition; it is an acute condition that develops rapidly and is typically reversible with prompt treatment.

B. Incorrect. While long-term uncontrolled diabetes can lead to chronic kidney disease, acute renal failure is not caused by chronic kidney damage related to diabetes.

C. Correct. Acute renal failure, also known as acute kidney injury (AKI), is characterized by a sudden and temporary loss of kidney function. It is often caused by factors such as decreased blood flow to the kidneys, kidney damage, or obstruction of the urinary tract.

D. Incorrect. While the statement is partially true, it does not capture the acute and sudden nature of acute renal failure. The inability of the kidneys to filter waste products from the blood is one of the manifestations of AKI.