A nurse is caring for a client with acute renal failure who is prescribed hemodialysis. The client asks, "What is the purpose of hemodialysis?" What is the nurse's best response?

"Hemodialysis is done to transplant a healthy kidney into your body."

"It helps remove waste products and excess fluids from your blood since your kidneys are not functioning properly."

"Hemodialysis will provide pain relief and improve your kidney function."

"It is a procedure to insert a tube into your bladder to drain urine and relieve pressure on your kidneys."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Incorrect. Hemodialysis is not a procedure for kidney transplantation.

B. Correct. Hemodialysis is a treatment that helps remove waste products, toxins, and excess fluids from the blood when the kidneys are not functioning properly. It helps maintain the body's internal environment and prevent complications of acute renal failure.

C. Incorrect. While hemodialysis can improve kidney function temporarily, its primary purpose is to provide kidney support and replace some of the kidney's functions.

D. Incorrect. The description provided refers to the insertion of a urinary catheter for bladder drainage, not hemodialysis.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Incorrect. A complete blood count (CBC. provides information about the number and types of blood cells but does not assess kidney function.

B. Correct. Serum creatinine level is a commonly used blood test to assess kidney function. Elevated levels of creatinine in the blood indicate impaired glomerular filtration and decreased kidney function.

C. Incorrect. Urinalysis provides information about the presence of substances such as protein, blood, and glucose in the urine but does not directly assess GFR.

D. Incorrect. Renal ultrasound is an imaging test that provides information about the structure of the kidneys but does not directly measure GFR.

A. "Acute renal failure is usually caused by long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)." B. "The primary cause of acute renal failure is chronic kidney disease that progresses over many years." C. "The condition occurs suddenly due to a sudden decrease in blood flow to the kidneys or kidney injury." D. "Acute renal failure is always caused by urinary tract infections (UTIs) and kidney stones."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. While long-term use of NSAIDs can contribute to kidney damage and chronic kidney disease, it is not the primary cause of acute renal failure.

B. Incorrect. Acute renal failure is a sudden and abrupt loss of kidney function, and it is distinct from chronic kidney disease, which develops gradually over time.

C. Correct. Acute renal failure is characterized by a rapid and sudden decline in kidney function, often caused by a sudden decrease in blood flow to the kidneys (prerenal), kidney injury (intrinsiC. , or obstruction of the urinary tract (postrenal).

D. Incorrect. While UTIs and kidney stones can cause kidney injury, they are not the exclusive causes of acute renal failure, which can have various underlying etiologies.

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A nurse is caring for a client with acute renal failure who is prescribed hemodialysis. The client asks, "What is the purpose of hemodialysis?" What is the nurse's best response?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to perform a diagnostic test to assess kidney function in a client with suspected acute renal failure. Which test will provide information about the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client about the etiology of acute renal failure. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of the condition?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with acute renal failure. What medical condition in the client's history increases the risk of prerenal acute renal failure?

A client with acute renal failure is prescribed a low-phosphate diet. What foods should the nurse include in the client's diet plan?

A nurse is educating a client about the causes of intrinsic acute renal failure. What condition is commonly associated with the development of intrinsic acute renal failure?

A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client with acute renal failure. Which condition is a risk factor commonly associated with the development of acute renal failure?

A nurse is assessing a client at risk for postrenal acute renal failure. What condition should the nurse prioritize in the client's assessment?

A client with acute renal failure is prescribed loop diuretics. What is the primary purpose of using loop diuretics in this client's care?

A nurse is caring for a client with acute renal failure who is on a potassium-restricted diet. What foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid due to their high potassium content?

A nurse is caring for a client with acute renal failure. What is the primary pathophysiological process that leads to decreased urine output in this condition?