A nurse is providing education to a client about the etiology of acute renal failure. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of the condition?
"Acute renal failure is usually caused by long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)."
"The primary cause of acute renal failure is chronic kidney disease that progresses over many years."
"The condition occurs suddenly due to a sudden decrease in blood flow to the kidneys or kidney injury."
"Acute renal failure is always caused by urinary tract infections (UTIs) and kidney stones."
The Correct Answer is C
A. Incorrect. While long-term use of NSAIDs can contribute to kidney damage and chronic kidney disease, it is not the primary cause of acute renal failure.
B. Incorrect. Acute renal failure is a sudden and abrupt loss of kidney function, and it is distinct from chronic kidney disease, which develops gradually over time.
C. Correct. Acute renal failure is characterized by a rapid and sudden decline in kidney function, often caused by a sudden decrease in blood flow to the kidneys (prerenal), kidney injury (intrinsiC. , or obstruction of the urinary tract (postrenal).
D. Incorrect. While UTIs and kidney stones can cause kidney injury, they are not the exclusive causes of acute renal failure, which can have various underlying etiologies.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Acute renal failure is not a chronic condition; it is an acute condition that develops rapidly and is typically reversible with prompt treatment.
B. Incorrect. While long-term uncontrolled diabetes can lead to chronic kidney disease, acute renal failure is not caused by chronic kidney damage related to diabetes.
C. Correct. Acute renal failure, also known as acute kidney injury (AKI), is characterized by a sudden and temporary loss of kidney function. It is often caused by factors such as decreased blood flow to the kidneys, kidney damage, or obstruction of the urinary tract.
D. Incorrect. While the statement is partially true, it does not capture the acute and sudden nature of acute renal failure. The inability of the kidneys to filter waste products from the blood is one of the manifestations of AKI.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Fasting is not typically required before a renal biopsy.
B. Incorrect. The renal biopsy does not directly measure the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which is usually assessed through blood tests.
C. Correct. A renal biopsy is a procedure in which a needle is inserted through the skin and into the kidneys to obtain a small tissue sample for examination. This allows for a direct assessment of kidney tissue and helps identify the cause of kidney dysfunction.
D. Incorrect. While a renal biopsy can provide information about the kidney's structure, its primary purpose is to obtain a tissue sample for histological examination, not to assess blood flow.
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