A nurse is providing education to a client about the etiology of acute renal failure. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of the condition?
"Acute renal failure is usually caused by long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)."
"The primary cause of acute renal failure is chronic kidney disease that progresses over many years."
"The condition occurs suddenly due to a sudden decrease in blood flow to the kidneys or kidney injury."
"Acute renal failure is always caused by urinary tract infections (UTIs) and kidney stones."
The Correct Answer is C
A. Incorrect. While long-term use of NSAIDs can contribute to kidney damage and chronic kidney disease, it is not the primary cause of acute renal failure.
B. Incorrect. Acute renal failure is a sudden and abrupt loss of kidney function, and it is distinct from chronic kidney disease, which develops gradually over time.
C. Correct. Acute renal failure is characterized by a rapid and sudden decline in kidney function, often caused by a sudden decrease in blood flow to the kidneys (prerenal), kidney injury (intrinsiC. , or obstruction of the urinary tract (postrenal).
D. Incorrect. While UTIs and kidney stones can cause kidney injury, they are not the exclusive causes of acute renal failure, which can have various underlying etiologies.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Fasting is not typically required before a renal biopsy.
B. Incorrect. The renal biopsy does not directly measure the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which is usually assessed through blood tests.
C. Correct. A renal biopsy is a procedure in which a needle is inserted through the skin and into the kidneys to obtain a small tissue sample for examination. This allows for a direct assessment of kidney tissue and helps identify the cause of kidney dysfunction.
D. Incorrect. While a renal biopsy can provide information about the kidney's structure, its primary purpose is to obtain a tissue sample for histological examination, not to assess blood flow.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Withholding food and drink for 24 hours is not necessary for a CT scan with contrast dye.
B. Correct. Before a CT scan with contrast dye, it is essential to assess the client for allergies, especially to iodine and shellfish. Contrast dyes used in CT scans contain iodine, and clients with allergies to iodine or shellfish may have an allergic reaction to the contrast dye.
C. Incorrect. While administering intravenous fluids may be beneficial in certain situations, it is not a specific precaution for a CT scan with contrast dye.
D. Incorrect. Removing jewelry and metallic objects is a standard precaution for all imaging procedures, but it is not specific to a CT scan with contrast dye.
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