A nurse is providing education to a client about the etiology of acute renal failure. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of the condition?

"Acute renal failure is usually caused by long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)."

"The primary cause of acute renal failure is chronic kidney disease that progresses over many years."

"The condition occurs suddenly due to a sudden decrease in blood flow to the kidneys or kidney injury."

"Acute renal failure is always caused by urinary tract infections (UTIs) and kidney stones."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Incorrect. While long-term use of NSAIDs can contribute to kidney damage and chronic kidney disease, it is not the primary cause of acute renal failure.

B. Incorrect. Acute renal failure is a sudden and abrupt loss of kidney function, and it is distinct from chronic kidney disease, which develops gradually over time.

C. Correct. Acute renal failure is characterized by a rapid and sudden decline in kidney function, often caused by a sudden decrease in blood flow to the kidneys (prerenal), kidney injury (intrinsiC. , or obstruction of the urinary tract (postrenal).

D. Incorrect. While UTIs and kidney stones can cause kidney injury, they are not the exclusive causes of acute renal failure, which can have various underlying etiologies.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Loop diuretics are used to increase urine output, not decrease it. They help reduce fluid overload and prevent dehydration.

B. Incorrect. Loop diuretics typically lead to a decrease in blood pressure, not an increase. They are often prescribed to address hypertension in acute renal failure.

C. Incorrect. Loop diuretics promote the excretion of sodium and water from the kidneys, not their reabsorption.

D. Correct. Loop diuretics are prescribed in acute renal failure to increase urine output and promote fluid excretion. This helps reduce fluid overload and decrease edema.

A. Elevated blood pressure and increased urine output. B. Low blood pressure and decreased urine output. C. No changes in blood pressure and stable urine output. D. High blood sugar levels and frequent urination.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Elevated blood pressure is not typically an initial assessment finding in acute renal failure. In fact, it is more common to see low blood pressure (hypotension) due to decreased blood flow to the kidneys.

B. Correct. One of the hallmark manifestations of acute renal failure is decreased urine output (oliguriA. or even no urine output (anuriA. . This is often accompanied by low blood pressure as a result of decreased kidney function.

C. Incorrect. Acute renal failure usually leads to changes in blood pressure and urine output. Stable blood pressure and urine output are not typical initial assessment findings in this condition.

D. Incorrect. High blood sugar levels and frequent urination are not directly related to acute renal failure. These symptoms are more characteristic of diabetes mellitus.

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A nurse is providing education to a client about the etiology of acute renal failure. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of the condition?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with acute renal failure is prescribed loop diuretics. What is the primary purpose of using loop diuretics in this client's care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client is admitted to the hospital with suspected acute renal failure. What initial assessment finding should the nurse anticipate in this client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with acute renal failure who is at risk for impaired skin integrity. What intervention should the nurse implement to prevent skin breakdown?

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