A nurse is caring for a client with reported nausea, exhaustion, and unplanned weight loss of 24 pounds over 3 months. The client's lab results from 8 months ago indicate negative HIV and hepatitis status.
The nurse should anticipate which of the following healthcare provider orders?
CBC.
PPD test.
Chest x-ray.
HIV test.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A complete blood count (CBC) analyzes cellular components of blood, including red and white blood cells and platelets. While a CBC can reveal general health status and signs of infection or anemia, it does not directly diagnose the underlying cause of unexplained weight loss and fatigue in this context, especially given the historical negative HIV status.
Choice B rationale
A purified protein derivative (PPD) test screens for tuberculosis infection by detecting an immune response to mycobacterial antigens. While unexplained weight loss can be a symptom of tuberculosis, the initial presentation with nausea and exhaustion, coupled with negative HIV status 8 months prior, suggests a broader differential diagnosis requiring a more comprehensive initial screening.
Choice C rationale
A chest x-ray provides an image of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels, primarily used to diagnose respiratory conditions like pneumonia or tuberculosis. While lung pathology can cause fatigue and weight loss, a chest x-ray is a focused diagnostic tool and may not be the most appropriate initial screening test for the client's constellation of symptoms.
Choice D rationale
Given the client's symptoms of nausea, exhaustion, and significant unplanned weight loss, a repeat HIV test is crucial. Despite a negative test 8 months prior, these symptoms are highly suggestive of a retroviral syndrome or progression to AIDS, which can manifest with constitutional symptoms and opportunistic infections leading to profound weight loss.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Acidosis is characterized by a decrease in arterial pH (normal range 7.35-7.45). A pH of 7.28 is acidic. A PaCO2 of 63 mm Hg (normal range 35-45 mm Hg) indicates respiratory acidosis, while an HCO3 of 22 mEq/L (normal range 22-26 mEq/L) is within normal limits, suggesting an uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
Choice B rationale
A pH of 7.49 indicates alkalosis. A PaCO2 of 30 mm Hg indicates respiratory alkalosis, and an HCO3 of 35 mEq/L indicates metabolic alkalosis. This combination suggests a mixed alkalosis, not acidosis.
Choice C rationale
A pH of 7.36 is within the normal range, indicating compensated acid-base balance. A PaCO2 of 42 mm Hg and HCO3 of 26 mEq/L are both within normal ranges, indicating normal acid-base status, not acidosis.
Choice D rationale
A pH of 7.42 is within the normal range, indicating compensated acid-base balance. A PaCO2 of 48 mm Hg indicates respiratory acidosis, and HCO3 of 25 mEq/L is within normal limits, suggesting compensated respiratory acidosis or impending acidosis but not frank acidosis.
Correct Answer is ["1.5"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: Calculate the number of tablets needed. 7.5 mg ÷ (5 mg/tablet) = 1.5 tablets.
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