A nurse is caring for a patient that is experiencing status epilepticus. Which of the following prescribed medications should the nurse anticipate to administer?
Lorazepam
Lisinopril
Phenytoin
Atenolol
The Correct Answer is A
A. Lorazepam. Lorazepam (a benzodiazepine) is the first-line medication for status epilepticus because it acts quickly to stop seizures. It enhances gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activity, leading to rapid suppression of neuronal excitability. It is usually administered intravenously (IV) for fast onset.
B. Lisinopril. Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used for hypertension and heart failure. It has no role in stopping seizures or treating status epilepticus.
C. Phenytoin. Phenytoin is used for long-term seizure control but is not the first-line medication for stopping active seizures. It is often administered after benzodiazepines to help prevent seizure recurrence rather than terminating the ongoing seizure.
D. Atenolol. Atenolol is a beta-blocker used for hypertension and tachycardia. It does not have anticonvulsant properties and is not used to treat seizures.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Working in an office. Office work itself does not typically worsen multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms unless the environment contributes to stress or fatigue. However, prolonged sitting, stress, or excessive screen time may cause discomfort or exacerbation of certain symptoms, but it is not a major factor compared to heat exposure.
B. High altitude travel. While high altitude can cause lower oxygen levels, it does not directly trigger MS exacerbations. However, extreme fatigue from travel and changes in oxygen availability might affect some individuals with MS, but this is not a primary concern.
C. Flying. Air travel itself is not a common trigger for MS flare-ups. However, the stress and fatigue associated with long flights could contribute to worsening symptoms in some clients.
D. Sunbathing. Heat exposure, including sunbathing, hot baths, and warm climates, is a well-known trigger for MS symptom exacerbation (Uhthoff’s phenomenon). Increased body temperature can worsen nerve conduction, leading to increased fatigue, weakness, and blurred vision. Clients should be advised to stay cool, avoid prolonged sun exposure, and use cooling techniques to help manage symptoms.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "My nose gets blocked during the headache." Nasal congestion is a common symptom of cluster headaches, which are associated with autonomic symptoms such as tearing, rhinorrhea, and eyelid drooping. This is not characteristic of tension-type headaches.
B. "I feel some pressure on my neck during the headache." Tension-type headaches are often described as a "band-like" pressure or tightness around the head, with muscle tension in the neck and shoulders. The pain is typically bilateral, mild to moderate, and not aggravated by routine activities. Neck muscle stiffness or tenderness is a common feature.
C. "My eyes hurt during the headache." Eye pain is more commonly associated with migraine or cluster headaches. Cluster headaches often present with sharp, stabbing pain behind one eye, while migraines can cause ocular pain with light sensitivity.
D. "I can see bright lights before the onset of the headache." Seeing bright lights or an aura is a hallmark symptom of migraine headaches with aura, not tension-type headaches. Tension headaches do not typically have neurological symptoms like visual disturbances.
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