A nurse is caring for a preterm newborn who has hypoglycemia due to inadequate gluconeogenesis.
The nurse should understand that this condition occurs because preterm newborns have limited stores of which of the following substances?
Glycogen
Glucose
Insulin
Glucagon
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A. Glycogen. Preterm newborns have limited stores of glycogen, which is a substance made from glucose that is stored in the liver and muscle cells to be used later for energy. When blood glucose levels are low, the hormone glucagon signals the cells to convert glycogen back into glucose and release it into the bloodstream. However, preterm newborns have a reduced ability to produce glucagon and to use gluconeogenesis, which is the process of making new glucose from other sources. Therefore, they are at risk of hypoglycemia, which is a condition where blood glucose levels are too low to support normal brain function.
Choice B is wrong because glucose is the sugar that travels through the blood to fuel the cells, not a substance that is stored for later use.
Choice C is wrong because insulin is a hormone that helps cells absorb glucose from the blood, not a substance that is stored for later use.
Choice D is wrong because glucagon is a hormone that triggers the release of glucose from the liver and muscle cells, not a substance that is stored for later use.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A, C, D, and E.Hypoglycemia due to perinatal asphyxia can cause various neurological signs in the newborn, such as irregular respirations, apnea, eye-rolling, and lethargy.
These signs indicate inadequate oxygenation and glucose delivery to the brain.Cyanosis is not a specific sign of hypoglycemia, but rather a sign of poor oxygenation that can occur due to other causes.
Therefore, choice B is wrong.
Choice A is correct because irregular respirations can result from hypoglycemia due to perinatal asphyxia.Hypoglycemia can impair the respiratory center in the brainstem and cause irregular breathing patterns.
Choice C is correct because apnea can result from hypoglycemia due to perinatal asphyxia.
Apnea is defined as a pause in breathing
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A.Washing hands before and after handling the cord stump can prevent the transmission of bacteria that can cause omphalitis, sepsis, and tetanus.
Choice B is wrong because applying petroleum jelly or ointment to the cord stump can delay its drying and increase the risk of infection.
Choice C is wrong because using hydrogen peroxide to clean the cord stump can damage the healthy tissue and delay healing.
Choice D is wrong because folding down the diaper below the cord stump can expose it to urine and feces, which can contaminate it and cause infection.
The normal range for umbilical cord separation is 5 to 15 days after birth.
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