A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is 2 hr postoperative following a cardiac catheterization.

The nurse observes blood on the child’s dressing.

The correct answer is B.

Assist the adolescent in applying for Medicaid.

This action demonstrates the nurse’s role as an advocate and a resource person for the client, who might be eligible for financial assistance and health care coverage during her pregnancy and postpartum period. Medicaid is a federal and state program that provides health insurance for low-income individuals and families.

Choice A is wrong because contacting the adolescent’s parent for assistance might violate the client’s confidentiality and autonomy, especially if the parent is not aware of or supportive of the pregnancy. The nurse should respect the client’s right to privacy and self-determination, unless there is a risk of harm to the client or the fetus.

Choice C is wrong because referring the adolescent to a local mental health clinic might imply that the client has a mental disorder or needs psychological counseling, which could be stigmatizing and discouraging.

The nurse should assess the client’s emotional state and coping skills, and provide supportive and nonjudgmental care. The nurse can also offer referrals to other community resources, such as prenatal education, parenting classes, or social services, that might benefit the client.

Choice D is wrong because advising the adolescent to place the newborn for adoption might interfere with the client’s decision-making process and personal values.

The nurse should not impose his or her own opinions or beliefs on the client, but rather explore the client’s feelings and preferences about her pregnancy options. The nurse should provide factual information and education about adoption, abortion, or parenting, and help the client weigh the benefits and risks of each option.

A hematoma is a collection of blood outside a blood vessel that can cause swelling, pain, and bruising. It can indicate bleeding from the artery where the catheter was inserted, which can be a serious complication of cardiac catheterization.

The nurse should notify the provider immediately if a hematoma is observed.

Choice A is wrong because heart rate 90/min is within the normal range for adults and does not indicate a complication.

Choice C is wrong because bounding pulses in the affected extremity are expected after cardiac catheterization, as they indicate good blood flow to the area.

Choice D is wrong because report of discomfort at the insertion site is common and usually mild after cardiac catheterization.

The nurse can provide pain relief as needed, but does not need to notify the provider unless the pain is severe or persistent.

Normal ranges for heart rate are 60-100 beats per minute for adults. Normal ranges for blood pressure are 120/80 mmHg or lower for systolic pressure and 80 mmHg or lower for diastolic pressure. Normal ranges for oxygen saturation are 95-100% for adults.