A nurse is caring for an elderly client in a medical unit.
For each nursing intervention listed below, indicate whether the intervention is appropriate for managing acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), or both. Each intervention may be associated with more than one condition
Educate on limiting foods high in phosphorus
Administer corticosteroids for nephrotic syndrome
Ensure informed consent for renal diagnostic procedures
Monitor fluid intake and output
The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A,B"},"C":{"answers":"A,B"},"D":{"answers":"A,B"}}
- Educating on limiting foods high in phosphorus is more specific to chronic kidney disease, where impaired renal excretion causes long-term hyperphosphatemia. This education helps prevent complications such as renal osteodystrophy and secondary hyperparathyroidism that occur in progressive CKD.
- Administering corticosteroids for nephrotic syndrome may be relevant in both acute and chronic presentations because nephrotic syndrome can occur as a complication of glomerular injury. Corticosteroids help reduce inflammation and proteinuria regardless of whether the renal impairment is acute or chronic.
- Ensuring informed consent for renal diagnostic procedures applies to both AKI and CKD since clients with either condition may require imaging, biopsy, or dialysis access placement. Informed consent ensures patient understanding and legal protection while promoting safety in invasive interventions.
- Monitoring fluid intake and output is essential in both AKI and CKD because altered kidney function leads to fluid imbalance. Careful monitoring helps guide fluid restriction or replacement, prevents overload, and assists in evaluating renal function changes over time.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Bradycardia: Tamsulosin, an alpha-1 adrenergic blocker, does not typically cause bradycardia. Its primary cardiovascular effects involve vasodilation, which may lead to hypotension or dizziness rather than slowing of the heart rate.
B. Temporary loss of libido: Changes in libido are not commonly associated with tamsulosin. While sexual side effects are possible with some medications for urinary symptoms, tamsulosin mainly affects smooth muscle tone in the prostate and bladder neck.
C. Burning with urination: Burning or dysuria is not a typical adverse effect of tamsulosin. If present, it may indicate another issue, such as infection or irritation from the cystoscopy procedure, rather than a direct effect of the medication.
D. Dizziness: Dizziness is a common adverse effect of tamsulosin due to its action on blood vessels, which can cause orthostatic hypotension. Clients should be advised to rise slowly from sitting or lying positions to minimize the risk of falls.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Providing perineal hygiene to patients daily and as needed: Good perineal care helps reduce bacterial colonization in the genital area, but it does not prevent bacteria from entering the bladder when a catheter is present. While important, it is not the primary measure.
B. Encouraging adequate oral fluid and nutritional intake: Adequate hydration supports urinary flow, dilutes urine, and may help flush bacteria, but it does not directly address the most common cause of HAIs, which is catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI).
C. Avoiding unnecessary urinary catheterization: The majority of urinary tract HAIs are linked to indwelling catheters. Minimizing their use, limiting duration, and using alternatives whenever possible are the most effective strategies to reduce infection risk in hospitalized patients.
D. Testing urine with a dipstick daily for nitrites: Routine daily dipstick testing does not prevent infection but only detects its presence after it has developed. It is not recommended as a preventive measure and would not reduce the rate of HAIs.
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