A nurse is collecting a urine specimen from a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Collect the specimen at the start of the urine stream.

Place the specimen in a biohazard bag for transport.

Removes their gloves after labeling the specimen.

Label the specimen at the nurses' station.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Rationale:

A. This is incorrect for a clean-catch (midstream) urine specimen. The initial urine flow contains contaminants from the urethra and surrounding skin. The correct technique is to discard the first portion of urine and collect the midstream specimen to reduce contamination and ensure accurate culture results.

B. Urine specimens are considered potentially infectious and must be placed in a properly labeled, sealed biohazard transport bag to prevent exposure to healthcare workers and contamination during transport to the laboratory. This maintains infection control and specimen integrity.

C. Gloves should be removed immediately after completing specimen collection and handling, before leaving the client’s environment or touching clean surfaces. Labeling should be done after removing gloves or with hand hygiene performed appropriately to prevent contamination of surfaces and equipment.

D. Specimens must be labeled immediately at the point of collection, in the presence of the client, to ensure correct identification and prevent labeling errors. Delayed labeling increases the risk of misidentification and specimen rejection.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Primary glaucoma affects intraocular pressure and vision but does not directly impact kidney function or surgical suitability for kidney donation. It is not considered a contraindication to living kidney donation unless there are severe complications affecting overall surgical risk, which is uncommon.

B. A history of amputation does not automatically disqualify a person from being a kidney donor. Eligibility depends on overall health status, kidney function, and ability to tolerate surgery. Amputation alone is not a contraindication.

C. Hypertension is a significant contraindication or at least a major exclusion criterion for living kidney donation in many cases. Chronic high blood pressure can damage the kidneys over time and increases the risk of future renal impairment after donation. Donors must have well-controlled blood pressure and no evidence of end-organ damage to be considered; uncontrolled or long-standing hypertension is generally disqualifying.

D. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint condition that does not affect kidney function or surgical eligibility for donation. It is not a contraindication unless it severely limits mobility to the point of affecting recovery, which is not typical.

A. Client reports sudden onset of dyspnea and chest discomfort. B. Client is awake and orientated x4. C. Client is tachypneic and appears in distress. D. S3 and S4 heart sounds noted. E. Bilateral pedal pulses are +1. F. Respiratory rate 34/min G. Blood pressure 144/72 mm Hg H. Oxygen saturation 92% on 2 L/min via nasal cannula

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","F","H"]

Explanation

Rationale for Correct Answers:

Sudden onset of dyspnea and chest discomfort: Any sudden respiratory distress or chest pain post-surgery is a red flag for pulmonary embolism or myocardial infarction.
Client is tachypneic and appears in distress: Rapid breathing and physical signs of distress indicate the client is struggling to maintain adequate ventilation and oxygenation.
S3 and S4 heart sounds noted: The presence of extra heart sounds can indicate acute heart failure or ventricular strain, which may occur if the heart is struggling against a pulmonary obstruction.
Respiratory rate 34/min: This is significantly above the normal range (12–20/min) and confirms severe tachypnea.
Oxygen saturation 92% on 2 L/min via nasal cannula: Despite receiving supplemental oxygen, the saturation is below the expected 95–100%, indicating impaired gas exchange.

Rationale for Incorrect Answers:

Client is awake and orientated x4: While positive, this is a baseline neurologic expectation and does not represent an acute deterioration in this context.
Bilateral pedal pulses are +1: While slightly diminished, the fact that they are bilateral and present suggests peripheral perfusion is occurring, though this should be monitored relative to the client's baseline.
Blood pressure 144/72 mm Hg: While slightly elevated, this is relatively stable compared to the 0900 reading (142/68) and is not as immediate a priority as the respiratory distress.

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A nurse is collecting a urine specimen from a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage kidney disease. The client's adult child asks the nurse about becoming a living kidney donor for their parent. Which of the following conditions in the child's medical history should the nurse identify as a contraindication to the procedure?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","F","H"]

Explanation

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