A nurse is collecting data for a middle aged client who has pyelonephritis. Which of the following finding should the nurse expect?
Weight gain
Confusion
Flank pain
Hypotension
The Correct Answer is C
A. Weight gain: Weight gain is not typically associated with acute pyelonephritis. It may occur in chronic kidney disease or conditions causing fluid retention, but in the context of an acute infection, it is not an expected finding.
B. Confusion: Confusion is more commonly seen in older adults with pyelonephritis, especially those with preexisting cognitive impairment or sepsis. In a middle-aged client, this is less likely to be a primary symptom.
C. Flank pain: Flank pain is a classic symptom of pyelonephritis, resulting from inflammation and infection of the kidneys. It is usually accompanied by fever, dysuria, and urinary frequency or urgency.
D. Hypotension: In the early stages of pyelonephritis, a client is more likely to be hypertensive or have a normal blood pressure. Hypotension is a late and ominous sign indicating the onset of septic shock.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hemoglobin 19 g/dL: Acute kidney injury often leads to decreased erythropoietin production, which can cause anemia rather than elevated hemoglobin levels. A level of 19 g/dL is above normal and not expected in acute kidney disease.
B. Serum creatinine 6 mg/dL: Elevated serum creatinine is a hallmark of acute kidney injury, reflecting impaired kidney filtration and accumulation of nitrogenous waste. A value of 6 mg/dL indicates significant kidney dysfunction and aligns with expected laboratory findings.
C. Serum potassium 3.0 mEq/L: Acute kidney injury typically causes hyperkalemia due to decreased potassium excretion. A potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L is below normal and not expected in this condition.
D. BUN 8 mg/dL: Blood urea nitrogen usually rises in acute kidney injury as a result of decreased renal clearance. A BUN of 8 mg/dL is within normal limits and does not reflect the impaired kidney function commonly seen in acute kidney disease.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Decreased libido is an adverse effect of the medication: Finasteride can reduce dihydrotestosterone levels, which may lead to sexual side effects such as decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, or decreased ejaculate volume. Clients should be informed about these potential effects so they can monitor and report any concerns.
B. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels will increase while taking this medication: Finasteride actually lowers PSA levels by about 50% over time, which can affect prostate cancer screening. Clients should be aware that PSA results may be artificially reduced and should be interpreted accordingly.
C. Expect to experience a response from the medication in 1 week: Finasteride works slowly, and clinical improvement in urinary symptoms usually takes several months, often around 3 to 6 months. Expecting rapid relief within one week is unrealistic.
D. Avoid taking the medication with grapefruit juice: There is no significant interaction between finasteride and grapefruit juice. Dietary restrictions of this type are unnecessary, so clients do not need to avoid grapefruit while taking the medication.
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