A nurse is collecting data from a client who has emphysema.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.).

Dyspnea.

Bradycardia.

Clubbing of the fingers.

Barrel chest.

Shallow respirations.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D,E

Choice A rationale:

Dyspnea is a common finding in clients with emphysema. Emphysema is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by the destruction of the alveoli in the lungs, leading to difficulty breathing and shortness of breath. The loss of alveoli reduces the surface area for gas exchange, causing dyspnea.

Choice B rationale:

Bradycardia is not typically associated with emphysema. In fact, it is more common for clients with emphysema to have an increased heart rate (tachycardia) due to the body's compensatory response to low oxygen levels in the blood.

Choice C rationale:

Clubbing of the fingers is often seen in clients with chronic respiratory conditions like emphysema. It is a result of chronic hypoxia and is characterized by the abnormal rounding and thickening of the fingertips and nail beds.

Choice D rationale:

Barrel chest is a common physical finding in clients with emphysema. It is characterized by an increase in the anteroposterior diameter of the chest due to overinflation of the lungs. This change in chest shape is a result of chronic air trapping and hyperinflation, which are hallmarks of emphysema.

Choice E rationale:

Shallow respirations are expected in clients with emphysema. Due to the loss of alveolar elasticity and increased airway resistance, clients with emphysema tend to take shallow breaths, which are less effective for oxygen exchange.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Planning to have the client lay down for 1 hour after meals is not an appropriate intervention for a client with COPD. It may increase the risk of aspiration and worsen their breathing difficulties.

Choice C rationale:

Encouraging the client to use the upper chest for respiration is not the best approach for a client with COPD. Pursed-lip breathing helps improve oxygen exchange and decreases air trapping, which is more effective in managing COPD.

Choice D rationale:

Restricting the client's fluid intake to less than 1 Vday is not a suitable intervention for a client with COPD. Dehydration can lead to thicker mucus, making it harder to breathe

A. A client who takes glyburide for type 2 diabetes mellitus. B. A client who takes furosemide for hypertension. C. A client who takes cimetidine to reduce gastric acid secretion. D. A client who takes azelastine for allergic rhinitis.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
A client who takes glyburide for type 2 diabetes mellitus is not at significant risk for developing digoxin toxicity. Glyburide is an antidiabetic medication and does not interact directly with digoxin.

Choice B rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, can cause electrolyte imbalances such as hypokalemia (normal potassium levels: 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L) and hypomagnesemia (normal magnesium levels: 1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL). These imbalances increase the sensitivity to digoxin and the risk of toxicity. Digoxin toxicity is associated with symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and arrhythmias. Furosemide's impact on electrolytes makes it a significant risk factor for digoxin toxicity.

Choice C rationale: Cimetidine, a histamine H2 receptor antagonist, can inhibit the metabolism of certain drugs by affecting liver enzymes. However, it does not significantly alter digoxin levels or increase the risk of toxicity. Normal liver enzyme levels include ALT (7 to 56 U/L) and AST (10 to 40 U/L). While cimetidine may interact with other medications, its effect on digoxin is minimal.

Choice D rationale:
A client who takes azelastine for allergic rhinitis is not at significant risk for developing digoxin toxicity. Azelastine is an antihistamine and does not interact directly with digoxin.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has emphysema.Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.).

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has emphysema.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.).