A nurse is educating a client about the different types of dialysis. The client asks which type of dialysis uses the peritoneal membrane as a filter. Which of the following responses by the nurse is accurate?

"Hemodialysis uses the peritoneal membrane as a filter."

"Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) uses the peritoneal membrane as a filter."

"Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) uses the peritoneal membrane as a filter."

"Peritoneal dialysis does not use the peritoneal membrane as a filter."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A)This statement is incorrect. Hemodialysis does not use the peritoneal membrane as a filter. Hemodialysis involves the use of a machine that filters the blood outside the body, not the peritoneal membrane.

B) This statement is incorrect. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) uses the peritoneal membrane as a filter during manual exchanges of dialysate fluid, not with a machine like automated peritoneal dialysis (APD).

C) This statement is accurate. Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) uses a machine to perform exchanges of dialysate solution through the peritoneal membrane.

D) This statement is incorrect. Peritoneal dialysis uses the peritoneal membrane as a filter. It involves the instillation and drainage of dialysate fluid into the abdominal cavity through a catheter.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This statement is incorrect. Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) is not the primary indication for initiating dialysis. Hypoglycemia can occur in certain situations, but it is not the primary concern in this case.

B) This statement is incorrect. Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels) can be a concern in AKI, but it is not the primary indication described in the scenario. The primary concern in AKI with decreased GFR is the impaired filtration and waste removal, leading to the need for dialysis.

C) This statement is incorrect. Hypernatremia (high sodium levels) is not a primary indication for initiating dialysis in AKI. Hypernatremia is rare in AKI and usually occurs when there is a significant loss of free water compared to sodium intake.

D) A significantly decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) indicates that the kidneys' ability to filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood is severely impaired. Dialysis can help support kidney function and remove waste products when the GFR is critically low.

A. Hypertension B. Hypercalcemia C. Hyperkalemia D. Hypokalemia

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This statement is incorrect. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a common complication of kidney disease, but it is not the primary indication for initiating dialysis. Dialysis is primarily indicated to address the impaired filtration and waste removal functions of the kidneys, which can lead to electrolyte imbalances like hyperkalemia.

B) This statement is incorrect. Hypercalcemia (elevated calcium levels) is not a primary indication for initiating dialysis. While calcium imbalances can be associated with kidney disease, hyperkalemia takes precedence as a more critical indication for dialysis initiation.

C) This statement is accurate. Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels) is a critical indication for initiating dialysis. Dialysis helps remove excess potassium from the bloodstream when the kidneys are unable to do so, preventing potentially life-threatening complications.

D) This statement is incorrect. Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) is not an indication for initiating dialysis. In fact, dialysis may lead to a reduction in potassium levels, and clients on dialysis are more likely to experience hyperkalemia.

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A nurse is educating a client about the different types of dialysis. The client asks which type of dialysis uses the peritoneal membrane as a filter. Which of the following responses by the nurse is accurate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with acute kidney injury (AKI) has a significantly decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Which of the following is the primary indication for initiating dialysis in this client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The client's blood work shows elevated levels of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and potassium. Which of the following conditions is the primary indication for initiating dialysis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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