A nurse is caring for a client with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The client's blood work shows elevated levels of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and potassium. Which of the following conditions is the primary indication for initiating dialysis?
Hypertension
Hypercalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
The Correct Answer is C
A) This statement is incorrect. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a common complication of kidney disease, but it is not the primary indication for initiating dialysis. Dialysis is primarily indicated to address the impaired filtration and waste removal functions of the kidneys, which can lead to electrolyte imbalances like hyperkalemia.
B) This statement is incorrect. Hypercalcemia (elevated calcium levels) is not a primary indication for initiating dialysis. While calcium imbalances can be associated with kidney disease, hyperkalemia takes precedence as a more critical indication for dialysis initiation.
C) This statement is accurate. Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels) is a critical indication for initiating dialysis. Dialysis helps remove excess potassium from the bloodstream when the kidneys are unable to do so, preventing potentially life-threatening complications.
D) This statement is incorrect. Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) is not an indication for initiating dialysis. In fact, dialysis may lead to a reduction in potassium levels, and clients on dialysis are more likely to experience hyperkalemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) This statement is incorrect. The catheter dressing should be changed regularly as per the healthcare provider's instructions, but it is not typically changed every week.
B) This statement is incorrect. The routine use of antibiotic ointment is not recommended, as it can lead to antibiotic resistance and is not necessary for all clients on peritoneal dialysis.
C) To reduce the risk of infection, the client should avoid touching the catheter site with clean hands. Maintaining proper hand hygiene is essential to prevent infection.
D) This statement is incorrect. Cleaning the catheter site with hydrogen peroxide is not recommended, as it can be too harsh and irritating to the skin. Instead, the site should be cleaned with mild soap and water or as instructed by the healthcare provider.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A)This statement is incorrect. Hemodialysis does not use the peritoneal membrane as a filter. Hemodialysis involves the use of a machine that filters the blood outside the body, not the peritoneal membrane.
B) This statement is incorrect. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) uses the peritoneal membrane as a filter during manual exchanges of dialysate fluid, not with a machine like automated peritoneal dialysis (APD).
C) This statement is accurate. Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) uses a machine to perform exchanges of dialysate solution through the peritoneal membrane.
D) This statement is incorrect. Peritoneal dialysis uses the peritoneal membrane as a filter. It involves the instillation and drainage of dialysate fluid into the abdominal cavity through a catheter.
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