A nurse is educating a patient with chickenpox about their condition. Which statement by the nurse is appropriate?
"You should avoid contact with pregnant women, immunocompromised individuals, newborns, or people who have not had chickenpox or been vaccinated.”
"You can freely share personal items such as towels and utensils with others to promote social interaction.”
"It's okay to scratch the lesions if it helps reduce the itching sensation.”
"You can return to work or school as soon as you start feeling better.”
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
The nurse should advise the patient with chickenpox to avoid contact with pregnant women, immunocompromised individuals, newborns, and people who have not had chickenpox or been vaccinated. Chickenpox is highly contagious and can be severe or even life-threatening for vulnerable populations. This precaution helps protect those who are at a higher risk of complications from the infection.
Choice B rationale:
Sharing personal items such as towels and utensils should be avoided during chickenpox. Chickenpox spreads through respiratory droplets and direct contact with fluid from the blisters. Sharing personal items can increase the risk of transmission to others.
Choice C rationale:
It is not appropriate for the nurse to recommend scratching the chickenpox lesions. Scratching can lead to secondary bacterial infections and scarring. The patient should be encouraged to use methods like calamine lotion or antihistamines to relieve itching.
Choice D rationale:
The patient should not return to work or school until all lesions are crusted over and they are no longer contagious. Typically, this occurs about 6-7 days after the rash first appears. Returning too early can increase the risk of spreading the virus to others.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Directly observed therapy (DOT) is a treatment strategy used for clients with active tuberculosis (TB) disease. The purpose of DOT is to ensure that the client takes their TB medications as prescribed, under direct observation by a healthcare provider or trained healthcare worker. By directly observing the medication administration, DOT helps to ensure medication adherence, which is crucial in preventing the development of drug-resistant TB strains. It also reduces the risk of treatment failure, relapse of the disease, and transmission of TB to others. By closely monitoring the client's adherence to the treatment regimen, healthcare providers can intervene promptly if any issues arise during the course of treatment.
Choice B rationale:
Facilitating early diagnosis and treatment is an essential aspect of TB control; however, this is not the primary purpose of directly observed therapy (DOT) Early diagnosis helps to identify and initiate appropriate treatment promptly, but DOT is specifically implemented to monitor and enhance adherence during the course of treatment, particularly for those at risk of non-compliance.
Choice C rationale:
Evaluating the impact and effectiveness of TB control programs is an important public health measure, but it is not the direct purpose of DOT. DOT mainly focuses on individual client treatment adherence rather than assessing overall program effectiveness.
Choice D rationale:
Identifying and testing persons who have been in close contact with active TB cases is part of contact tracing and TB screening efforts, which are separate from the purpose of directly observed therapy (DOT) DOT is centered on the supervision of treatment for clients already diagnosed with active TB disease.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Using multiple drugs to treat TB is not primarily done to reduce the cost of treatment. While cost considerations are essential in healthcare, the main reason for employing multiple drugs is to prevent drug resistance and improve treatment outcomes.
Choice B rationale:
The rationale for using multiple drugs to treat TB is to minimize the risk of drug resistance. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the bacteria can develop resistance to single-drug treatments quite rapidly. Using a combination of drugs with different mechanisms of action makes it harder for the bacteria to become resistant to all drugs simultaneously, ensuring a more effective treatment.
Choice C rationale:
While using multiple drugs may help achieve a quicker cure, the primary reason for combining drugs in TB treatment is to prevent drug resistance. Faster cure is a secondary benefit, but the prevention of drug-resistant strains is of paramount importance in TB management.
Choice D rationale:
Avoiding potential drug interactions is an essential consideration in any medical treatment, but it is not the primary reason for using multiple drugs in TB treatment. The main focus is on preventing drug resistance and increasing treatment success.
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