A client is diagnosed with latent TB infection (LTBI) What is the most appropriate intervention for this client? Select all that apply:
Observation for disease progression.
Sputum smear microscopy.
Tuberculin skin test (TST)
INH administration.
Contact tracing.
Correct Answer : A
Choice A rationale:
The most appropriate intervention for a client diagnosed with latent TB infection (LTBI) is observation for disease progression. Latent TB infection means that the individual has been infected with the tuberculosis bacteria but does not currently have active TB disease. In cases of LTBI, the bacteria are in a dormant state, and the person does not show any symptoms. The standard approach for LTBI management is to monitor the individual closely for any signs of disease progression. This may involve regular clinical assessments and follow-ups to detect the development of active TB. Initiating treatment (such as INH administration) is not recommended for all individuals with LTBI, as not everyone with latent infection will progress to active disease. The decision to treat depends on the individual's risk factors, clinical presentation, and other considerations. Selecting choice B (Sputum smear microscopy) is not appropriate for LTBI since this test is used to diagnose active TB disease, not latent infection. Choice C (Tuberculin skin test, TST) is used to identify individuals with LTBI, not as an intervention for those already diagnosed with LTBI. Choice D (INH administration) may be a treatment option for certain individuals with LTBI, but it is not the most appropriate intervention for all LTBI cases. Choice E (Contact tracing) is a strategy to identify and screen individuals who may have been exposed to active TB cases, not a direct intervention for LTBI management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Using multiple drugs to treat TB is not primarily done to reduce the cost of treatment. While cost considerations are essential in healthcare, the main reason for employing multiple drugs is to prevent drug resistance and improve treatment outcomes.
Choice B rationale:
The rationale for using multiple drugs to treat TB is to minimize the risk of drug resistance. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the bacteria can develop resistance to single-drug treatments quite rapidly. Using a combination of drugs with different mechanisms of action makes it harder for the bacteria to become resistant to all drugs simultaneously, ensuring a more effective treatment.
Choice C rationale:
While using multiple drugs may help achieve a quicker cure, the primary reason for combining drugs in TB treatment is to prevent drug resistance. Faster cure is a secondary benefit, but the prevention of drug-resistant strains is of paramount importance in TB management.
Choice D rationale:
Avoiding potential drug interactions is an essential consideration in any medical treatment, but it is not the primary reason for using multiple drugs in TB treatment. The main focus is on preventing drug resistance and increasing treatment success.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
"Encouraging rest and avoiding physical activity." This intervention is not the essential one for monitoring the patient's response to TB treatment and identifying complications. While rest is important for recovery, it is not the primary method of monitoring treatment response.
Choice B rationale:
"Administering corticosteroids to prevent complications." Administering corticosteroids is not a standard intervention for all patients with TB undergoing treatment. Corticosteroids may be prescribed in specific cases, such as TB meningitis or pericarditis, to reduce inflammation, but it is not the essential nursing intervention for all TB patients.
Choice C rationale:
"Monitoring vital signs, sputum samples, and laboratory tests." This statement is correct. The essential nursing intervention for monitoring a patient's response to TB treatment and identifying complications is to regularly monitor vital signs, collect sputum samples to check for the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB), and conduct laboratory tests, such as complete blood count and liver function tests. These assessments help determine treatment effectiveness and detect any adverse reactions or complications.
Choice D rationale:
"Placing the patient in a negative pressure room." Placing the patient in a negative pressure room is not a nursing intervention for monitoring treatment response or identifying complications. Negative pressure rooms are used to prevent the spread of airborne infectious agents, but they are not directly related to treatment monitoring.
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