A nurse is educating the parents of a 2-year-old child diagnosed with atopic dermatitis about managing pruritus and preventing skin irritation. Which parental action best supports prevention of worsening symptoms?
Constantly reminding the child to stop scratching to prevent skin damage.
Applying topical moisturizers regularly to maintain skin hydration.
Administering oral antibiotics to prevent secondary infections from scratching.
Preparing hot baths for the child to soothe the itching skin.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Constantly reminding the child to stop scratching to prevent skin damage: Verbal reminders alone are ineffective in controlling pruritus in toddlers, as scratching is often involuntary and exacerbated by dry or irritated skin.
B. Applying topical moisturizers regularly to maintain skin hydration: Frequent use of emollients helps restore the skin barrier, reduces dryness, and prevents itching and flare-ups, which is a primary strategy in managing atopic dermatitis.
C. Administering oral antibiotics to prevent secondary infections from scratching: Antibiotics are only indicated if a secondary bacterial infection is present. Routine prophylactic use is unnecessary and does not prevent the initial skin irritation.
D. Preparing hot baths for the child to soothe the itching skin: Hot water can further dry and irritate the skin, worsening pruritus and increasing the risk of flare-ups. Lukewarm baths are recommended instead.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "My child can participate in noncontact sports like swimming and rowing.": After nephrectomy, protecting the remaining kidney from trauma is essential. Noncontact activities such as swimming and rowing are appropriate because they promote physical activity while minimizing the risk of blunt abdominal injury.
B. "I need to ensure my child avoids salty foods but there are no concerns about physical activity.": While moderate sodium intake supports kidney health, physical activity restrictions are necessary to prevent injury to the single remaining kidney. Ignoring activity precautions places the child at unnecessary risk.
C. "Because my child has only one kidney, I will encourage increased physical activity to strengthen it.": Kidneys do not strengthen with increased physical activity. Excessive or unsafe activity can increase the risk of trauma to the remaining kidney rather than provide protection.
D. "My child will be able to play boxing next year.": Boxing is a high-contact sport with significant risk of abdominal trauma. Participation in contact sports is generally discouraged for children with a single functioning kidney to prevent serious injury.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
A. The final booster dose is administered at 12 to 15 months of age: The Hib vaccine series is completed with a booster in the second year of life, which ensures long-term immunity against invasive Hib infections.
B. The vaccine is administered intramuscularly: Hib vaccine is given via IM injection, typically in the anterolateral thigh for infants or the deltoid for older children, which is important for proper absorption and immune response.
C. The first dose of this vaccine can be administered to a newborn immediately after birth: The Hib vaccine is not given at birth; the series begins at 2 months of age according to the recommended immunization schedule.
D. The vaccine reduces the risks for meningitis and epiglottitis: Hib vaccination protects against serious infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b, including meningitis, epiglottitis, and pneumonia, reducing morbidity and mortality.
E. An allergy to eggs is a contraindication to this vaccine: Egg allergy is not a contraindication for Hib vaccine; it is safe for children with this allergy.
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