A nurse is providing education to a 16-year-old client who is being prescribed Zidovudine (Retrovir) as their antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

A. Delayed motor development:Muscular dystrophy is characterized by progressive muscle degeneration that often presents in early childhood. Delayed milestones such as late walking, difficulty running, or frequent falls are common early assessment findings.

B. Lung defects:Progressive weakness of respiratory muscles can impair ventilation and cough effectiveness. Over time, this can lead to restrictive lung disease, recurrent respiratory infections, and decreased pulmonary function.

C. Scoliosis:Weakness of trunk and paraspinal muscles contributes to abnormal spinal curvature. As muscle imbalance progresses, scoliosis commonly develops and can further compromise respiratory function.

D. Insomnia:Sleep disturbances are not a defining or expected manifestation of muscular dystrophy. While fatigue may occur, insomnia is not a characteristic assessment finding related to the disease process itself.

E. Muscle weakness:Progressive, symmetrical muscle weakness is the hallmark feature of muscular dystrophy. It typically begins in proximal muscles and worsens over time, significantly affecting mobility and functional ability.

A. Escherichia coli: E. coli is the most common bacterial pathogen responsible for urinary tract infections in children and adults. It originates from the gastrointestinal tract and can colonize the urethra, ascending to the bladder and causing cystitis. Understanding this helps guide appropriate antibiotic selection, such as cephalexin.

B. Klebsiella: Klebsiella species can cause UTIs but are less common than E. coli, typically occurring in children with structural abnormalities of the urinary tract or those with frequent hospitalizations.

C. Enterococcus: Enterococcus can be a cause of UTIs, especially in hospitalized patients or those with catheterization, but it is not the primary pathogen in otherwise healthy children with acute cystitis.

D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Pseudomonas is an uncommon cause of UTIs in healthy pediatric clients. It is more often associated with complicated UTIs or immunocompromised patients.