A nurse is evaluating teaching about infection control with the caregiver of a school-age child who has rubella.
Which of the following statements by the caregiver indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I will take my child for a walk in the hallway today.”.
"I will contact my pregnant friend who visited my child a day before the rash appeared.”.
"I won't send my child to school for seven days after the rash disappears.”.
"I will keep my child's door closed when I visit.”. .
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Taking the child for a walk in the hallway increases exposure to others and the risk of rubella transmission. Rubella is a contagious viral illness requiring droplet isolation precautions to prevent spreading. Walking in public spaces breaches infection control standards. Rubella symptoms include fever, rash, and swollen lymph nodes. Maintaining isolation reduces the risk of secondary infections, particularly in vulnerable populations like pregnant individuals, for whom rubella poses significant teratogenic risks.
Choice B rationale
Contacting a pregnant friend who visited before the rash appeared disregards rubella's incubation and transmission periods. Rubella is communicable 7 days before and up to 7 days after rash onset. Exposing pregnant individuals to rubella increases the risk of congenital rubella syndrome, leading to severe fetal complications. Understanding rubella’s contagious timeline ensures caregivers take necessary precautions to protect at-risk populations, emphasizing avoiding direct contact during infectious periods.
Choice C rationale
Keeping the child home for 7 days after rash disappearance adheres to rubella isolation guidelines. Rubella remains transmissible during and after rash presence, necessitating extended isolation to prevent community spread. Droplet precautions limit viral dissemination, particularly crucial around immunocompromised and pregnant individuals. Educating caregivers about prolonged isolation promotes effective infection control and minimizes public health risks associated with rubella outbreaks.
Choice D rationale
Keeping the child’s door closed when visiting does not adequately prevent rubella transmission. Droplet isolation requires mask use, restricted visitor access, and proper room ventilation. Closing the door alone fails to control airborne particles expelled during coughing or sneezing. Infection control measures prioritize reducing respiratory droplet spread, safeguarding household members and visitors from acquiring rubella.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Obtaining a pneumococcal immunization is crucial for children with asthma as they face higher risk for respiratory infections. Vaccination strengthens the immune system against pneumococcal bacteria, preventing complications like pneumonia or bronchitis. Immunization reduces hospitalizations and enhances respiratory health, critical for asthma management. Scientific evidence supports vaccination in asthmatic populations to decrease disease burden.
Choice B rationale
Salmeterol, a long-acting beta agonist, is inappropriate for acute asthma exacerbations due to its delayed onset of action. Acute exacerbations require fast-acting bronchodilators like albuterol for rapid symptom relief. Using salmeterol during acute attacks can result in delayed therapeutic intervention, risking severe respiratory distress.
Choice C rationale
Preventing participation in school sports is inaccurate as regular physical activity strengthens respiratory muscles and improves overall lung function. Guided activity under medical advice fosters improved asthma management. Avoidance promotes inactivity, which may contribute to obesity and worsen asthma control, conflicting with current pediatric recommendations.
Choice D rationale
Inhaling deeply and quickly when using a peak flow meter provides inaccurate readings. Correct usage involves slow, deep breaths followed by rapid exhalation to obtain reliable peak flow measurements. This technique accurately reflects airway status, guiding asthma treatment adjustments. Misuse compromises data, impairing asthma management.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Stridor is a high-pitched sound often caused by airway obstruction or inflammation. It is a hallmark of acute laryngotracheobronchitis. The narrowed airways produce turbulent airflow, leading to this characteristic noise during inspiration.
Choice B rationale
The cough type, while clinically relevant, lacks specificity. It does not help differentiate between laryngotracheobronchitis and pneumonia since both conditions may present with cough.
Choice C rationale
Fever commonly accompanies infection but does not distinguish laryngotracheobronchitis from pneumonia. Both conditions are often associated with elevated body temperature due to immune response.
Choice D rationale
Irritability may occur due to hypoxia or fever in various respiratory conditions. However, it is nonspecific and does not directly confirm laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia.
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