A nurse is helping a client relieve stress through cognitive reframing. Which of the following actions by the client demonstrates effective use of cognitive reframing?

The parents report that the child injured herself by falling off the couch.

A spiral fracture is a type of broken bone that occurs when a twisting force is applied to the bone. It is often seen in cases of child abuse, where the abuser grabs and twists the child's arm or leg.

Choice A is not correct because bringing the child to the facility soon after the injury does not rule out abuse. The abuser may have done so to avoid suspicion or to prevent further complications.

Choice B is not correct because crying when the arm is examined is a normal reaction for a child who is in pain and scared. It does not indicate abuse or neglect.

Choice C is correct because it is unlikely that a fall from a couch would cause a spiral fracture of the ulna and radius. These bones are strong and require a lot of force to break. A fall from a couch would more likely cause a greenstick fracture, which is a partial break of the bone that occurs in children with flexible bones.

Choice D is not correct because a single injury does not exclude abuse. The child may have been abused before and healed without medical attention, or the abuser may have targeted only one part of the body. A single injury should still raise suspicion and prompt further investigation.

"I watch the television in my bedroom to help me sleep." This technique requires further teaching as watching TV before sleep is a poor sleep hygiene habit. Clients should be advised to keep TVs, mobile phones, and other electronic devices out of the bedroom, as electronic devices can be a source of stimulation and disrupt a sleep routine. Adequate sleep hygiene techniques include going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, avoiding caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol, and engaging in physical activity early in the day. Reading for a few minutes or engaging in some other relaxing activity can reduce difficulty falling back to sleep.

Option A: "If I wake up at night, I go to another room and read for 20 minutes" - This is a good sleep hygiene habit

Option B: "I eat my evening meal at least 3 hours before I go to bed" - This is a good sleep hygiene habit Option D: "I have stopped taking naps in the afternoon" - This is a good sleep hygiene habit Each of the other options helps with good sleep hygiene but C will not help.