A nurse is instructing a female client on obtaining a midstream urine specimen. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I need to urinate a small amount in the toilet before collecting the sample."

"I should let the urine cool to room temperature before sending it to the lab."

"I will wipe from back to front with the cleansing cloth."

"I should not collect a urine sample when I am menstruating."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason:
The instruction to urinate a small amount into the toilet before collecting the sample is correct because it helps clear the urethra of organisms that could contaminate the specimen. This initial void helps to flush out bacteria that are present at the opening of the urethra.

Choice B Reason:
This choice is incorrect because urine samples should be kept at body temperature and sent to the lab as soon as possible. Cooling the urine can lead to precipitation of solutes and may affect the results of certain tests.

Choice C Reason:
This statement is incorrect. The proper technique for cleansing prior to urine collection is to wipe from front to back, not back to front. Wiping from back to front can contaminate the urine with bacteria from the anal area.

Choice D Reason:
It is advisable not to collect a urine sample during menstruation unless absolutely necessary because menstrual blood can contaminate the urine specimen, leading to inaccurate test results.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Asking about the identity of the assailant, while important for legal purposes, does not contribute to the immediate medical care of the client. The priority is to address potential health issues, such as exposure to HIV.

Choice B reason:
The timing of the assault is critical because it determines the eligibility for PEP. PEP should be initiated as soon as possible, ideally within 2 hours, but it can be effective up to 72 hours after exposure. Knowing the exact time of the assault helps healthcare providers act swiftly to mitigate the risk of HIV transmission.

Choice C reason:
While knowing where the assault occurred can provide context and may be relevant for legal proceedings, it does not influence the immediate medical treatment plan for potential HIV exposure.

Choice D reason:
Consent to involve law enforcement is a separate issue from medical treatment. While it's important to respect the client's wishes regarding reporting, it does not impact the decision-making process regarding HIV prophylaxis.

A. Keep artificial nails trimmed. B. Wash hands with alcohol-based hand rubs when caring for a client who has Clostridium difficile. C. Use chlorhexidine to wash hands if the client is immunosuppressed. D. Use alcohol-based hand rubs before administering eye drops for a client.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Keeping artificial nails trimmed is a recommended practice in healthcare settings to maintain effective hand hygiene. Long nails can harbor bacteria and make it difficult to clean hands thoroughly. However, the CDC does not provide specific guidelines on the length of artificial nails for healthcare workers.

Choice B reason:
When caring for a client with Clostridium difficile, it is recommended to wash hands with soap and water rather than using alcohol-based hand rubs. Alcohol-based hand rubs are not effective against C. difficile spores. Therefore, thorough handwashing with soap and water is necessary to remove spores.

Choice C reason:
Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic agent that provides broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and is recommended for hand hygiene in certain situations, such as before invasive procedures or for clients who are immunosuppressed. It is effective against a wide range of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making it a suitable choice for immunocompromised patients to reduce the risk of infection.

Choice D reason:
The use of alcohol-based hand rubs before administering eye drops is not specifically recommended. While hand hygiene is essential before any contact with a patient, there is no particular preference for alcohol-based hand rubs in this context. The primary concern is to ensure that hands are clean to prevent contamination of the eye drops or the patient's eyes.

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A nurse is instructing a female client on obtaining a midstream urine specimen. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following questions is most important to ask a client who might have been exposed to HIV after being sexually assaulted?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A charge nurse is teaching a group of healthcare workers about hand hygiene to prevent infection. Which of the following information should the charge nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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