A nurse is planning care for a client who has Alzheimer’s disease and is in the terminal phase. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Speech degrades to a few words

Requires cueing to eat

Unable to sit up

Needs assistance with finances

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: In terminal Alzheimer’s disease, severe neurodegeneration in the cortex and hippocampus impairs language centers, reducing speech to a few words or none. This reflects advanced cognitive decline, a hallmark of the terminal phase, making this an expected finding.

Choice B reason: Terminal Alzheimer’s patients require cueing to eat due to apraxia and severe cognitive impairment, disrupting motor planning and recognition of food. This dependency is expected as brain function deteriorates, making this a correct finding.

Choice C reason: Inability to sit up in terminal Alzheimer’s results from progressive motor cortex damage and muscle weakness. Advanced neurodegeneration impairs physical function, requiring full support, making this an expected finding in the terminal phase.

Choice D reason: Needing assistance with finances occurs early in Alzheimer’s due to cognitive decline but is not specific to the terminal phase. Terminal patients are typically non-communicative and bedridden, making financial management irrelevant, so this choice is incorrect.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin with an onset of 1–2 hours, providing basal coverage for 24 hours. It does not act rapidly to control postprandial glucose, unlike rapid-acting insulins, making this choice incorrect for the question.

Choice B reason: Insulin detemir is a long-acting insulin with an onset of 1–2 hours, used for steady glucose control. It lacks the rapid onset (<15 minutes) required for immediate postprandial glucose management, making this choice incorrect.

Choice C reason: Insulin aspart is a rapid-acting insulin analog with an onset of 10–15 minutes, peaking in 1–3 hours. It mimics the body’s insulin response to meals, effectively controlling postprandial glucose, making this the correct choice.

Choice D reason: Regular insulin has an onset of 30–60 minutes, slower than rapid-acting insulins. It is used for short-term glucose control but does not meet the <15-minute onset criterion, making this choice incorrect.

A. Cobb’s angle is used as a pain management for scoliosis B. Cobb’s angle is part of the treatment used to treat scoliosis C. Cobb’s angle helps identify teens at risk for scoliosis D. Cobb’s angle is the measurement used to evaluate the amount of curvature in the spine

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Cobb’s angle is not used for pain management in scoliosis. It is a diagnostic measurement of spinal curvature on X-rays, quantifying the degree of lateral deviation. Pain management involves therapies like bracing or surgery, unrelated to this measurement tool.

Choice B reason: Cobb’s angle is not a treatment for scoliosis but a diagnostic tool. It measures the angle of spinal curvature on radiographs to assess severity and guide treatment decisions, such as bracing or surgery, making this statement inaccurate.

Choice C reason: Cobb’s angle does not identify teens at risk for scoliosis but evaluates existing curvature in diagnosed cases. Screening tools, like the forward bend test, identify risk, while Cobb’s angle quantifies confirmed spinal deformity, making this choice incorrect.

Choice D reason: Cobb’s angle is the standard measurement for scoliosis, calculated on X-rays by intersecting lines from the most tilted vertebrae, quantifying lateral spinal curvature in degrees. It determines severity (e.g., mild, moderate, severe) and guides treatment, making this the correct definition.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has Alzheimer’s disease and is in the terminal phase. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of action of less than 15 minutes?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A newly diagnosed teenage girl with scoliosis asks the nurse what is Cobb’s angle? You know the nurse’s answer is correct when she says this:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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