A nurse is caring for a young woman with a suspected urinary tract infection (UTI). Which finding should confirm the nurse’s suspicion?

Specific gravity of 1.012

pH of 9.2

Three white blood cells (WBCs) per low-powered field

Clear urine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: A urine specific gravity of 1.012 is within the normal range (1.005–1.030), indicating normal kidney concentrating ability. It does not confirm a UTI, as specific gravity is not a direct indicator of infection, making this choice incorrect for confirming the diagnosis.

Choice B reason: A urine pH of 9.2 is alkaline, often associated with UTIs caused by bacteria like Proteus, which produce urease, splitting urea into ammonia, raising pH. This finding supports the presence of infection, making it the most confirmatory choice for a suspected UTI.

Choice C reason: Three WBCs per low-powered field is within normal limits (typically <5). UTIs usually show elevated WBCs (>10 per high-powered field) due to immune response to infection. This finding does not confirm a UTI, making it incorrect.

Choice D reason: Clear urine does not confirm a UTI, as urine appearance varies. UTIs often cause cloudy urine due to bacteria or WBCs, but clarity alone is not diagnostic, making this choice incorrect for confirming the nurse’s suspicion.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Financial stability reduces stress and is not a suicide risk factor. Financial difficulties, conversely, increase psychological distress and hopelessness, linked to suicidal ideation, making this choice incorrect for inclusion in the presentation.

Choice B reason: Exercising caution in behavior suggests emotional stability, not a suicide risk. Impulsivity and recklessness are associated with suicide risk in mood disorders, making this choice incorrect as it does not reflect a risk factor.

Choice C reason: Loss of a job is a significant suicide risk factor in mood disorders, causing financial stress, loss of identity, and hopelessness. These trigger depressive episodes and suicidal thoughts, making this a critical risk factor to include.

Choice D reason: Engaging in extracurricular activities promotes social connection and purpose, reducing suicide risk. Isolation and lack of engagement are risk factors, making this choice incorrect for the nurse’s presentation on suicide risks.

A. The client drinks 2 liters of liquids daily B. The client eats foods high in tyramine C. The client runs 4 miles outdoors every afternoon D. The client eats 2 to 3 gm of sodium-containing foods daily

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Drinking 2 liters of liquids daily supports hydration, reducing lithium toxicity risk by promoting renal excretion. Lithium is cleared by the kidneys, and adequate fluid intake prevents concentration, making this choice incorrect.

Choice B reason: Tyramine is relevant to MAOI antidepressants, causing hypertensive crises, not lithium. Lithium toxicity is related to renal clearance and electrolyte balance, not dietary tyramine, making this choice incorrect for lithium risks.

Choice C reason: Running 4 miles outdoors daily causes significant fluid loss through sweat, reducing blood volume and impairing lithium excretion by the kidneys. This increases lithium concentration, risking toxicity, making this the correct risk factor.

Choice D reason: Eating 2–3 gm of sodium daily is within normal limits and helps maintain electrolyte balance, aiding lithium excretion. Low sodium increases lithium retention, but this amount is not a risk, making this choice incorrect.

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A nurse is caring for a young woman with a suspected urinary tract infection (UTI). Which finding should confirm the nurse’s suspicion?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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