A nurse is planning care for a patient who has cystitis.
Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Instruct the client to drink 1 L of fluid each day.
Instruct the client to drink 240 mL of tomato juice each day.
Instruct the client to avoid drinking carbonated beverages.
Instruct the client to take antibiotics until dysuria is no longer present.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Instructing a patient with cystitis to drink only 1 L of fluid each day is an insufficient amount for managing the condition. Adequate fluid intake, typically at least 2 to 3 L per day, is crucial for flushing bacteria from the urinary tract, which helps to reduce bacterial load and prevent colonization. Limiting fluid intake would concentrate urine, potentially worsening symptoms and promoting bacterial growth. This recommendation contradicts evidence-based practice for urinary tract infection management.
Choice B rationale
Tomato juice is highly acidic and can irritate the bladder mucosa, which is already inflamed in a patient with cystitis. Increased bladder irritation can worsen symptoms such as dysuria and urinary frequency, causing discomfort. The goal of dietary modifications for cystitis is to reduce bladder irritation and promote a more alkaline urine pH, which makes the urinary tract less hospitable to bacterial growth. Therefore, recommending tomato juice is inappropriate.
Choice C rationale
Carbonated beverages contain gas and artificial sweeteners that can act as bladder irritants. For patients with cystitis, consuming these beverages can exacerbate symptoms like bladder spasms, urinary urgency, and frequency. By instructing the patient to avoid these irritants, the nurse helps to alleviate discomfort and support the healing process. This recommendation aligns with dietary guidelines aimed at managing and reducing symptoms of bladder inflammation.
Choice D rationale
The patient should be instructed to take antibiotics for the entire prescribed duration, which is typically 3 to 7 days, to ensure all bacteria are eliminated. Stopping antibiotics prematurely, even if symptoms like dysuria have resolved, can lead to antibiotic resistance and a recurrence of the infection. Incomplete treatment allows surviving, more resistant bacteria to multiply, making the infection harder to treat in the future.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While managing surgical pain is important for patient comfort and can prevent splinting, which may lead to atelectasis, it is not the immediate priority. The risk of respiratory complications, such as aspiration or pneumonia, is a more serious and life-threatening concern in the immediate postoperative period for this type of surgery.
Choice B rationale
Ambulating the patient early is important for preventing complications like deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and promoting recovery. However, it is not the most critical priority immediately after an open hiatal hernia repair. The immediate post-operative risk of respiratory compromise due to the location of the incision and potential for stomach compression is the nurse's primary concern.
Choice C rationale
Preventing respiratory complications is the nurse's priority. The surgical incision is high in the abdomen, near the diaphragm, which can cause pain with breathing and lead to shallow respirations and atelectasis. There is also a risk of aspiration from the surgical site or nasogastric tube. The nurse must promote deep breathing and coughing to prevent pneumonia and atelectasis.
Choice D rationale
The management of the nasogastric tube is an important aspect of care after a hiatal hernia repair, as it is used to decompress the stomach and prevent pressure on the surgical site. However, the most life-threatening complication is a respiratory compromise. While the NG tube helps prevent vomiting and aspiration, the overall priority is to ensure adequate ventilation and prevent respiratory distress.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow, not the kidneys, and they do not produce erythropoietin. Erythropoietin is a hormone primarily produced by the kidneys in response to tissue hypoxia, which stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells, thus increasing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
Choice B rationale
Anemia in renal insufficiency is not primarily related to vitamin D deficiency or bone density loss. While kidney disease can affect vitamin D activation and calcium-phosphate balance, the main cause of anemia in this context is the decreased production of erythropoietin by the failing kidneys.
Choice C rationale
The kidneys are the primary producers of erythropoietin in the body. When kidney function is compromised, this production is significantly reduced, leading to inadequate stimulation of the bone marrow. This results in decreased red blood cell production, causing the anemia commonly seen in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.
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