A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor?

Diabetes mellitus

Anemia

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Osteoporosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs). High blood sugar levels can impair the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off infections. Additionally, diabetes can cause nerve damage that affects the bladder’s ability to empty completely, allowing bacteria to grow.
Choice B rationale
Anemia itself is not a direct risk factor for UTIs. Anemia is a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin, which does not contribute to the development of UTIs.
Choice C rationale
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) primarily affects the lungs and does not increase the risk of UTIs. COPD can make it harder to breathe, but it does not have a direct impact on the urinary system.

Choice D rationale
Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. It does not increase the risk of UTIs. Osteoporosis and UTIs are not directly related as they affect different systems within the body.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While assessing the client’s skin for a rash could be part of the overall assessment of the client’s condition, it is not the priority action when a client is experiencing chills and back pain during a blood transfusion.
Choice B rationale
Notifying the provider is an important step when a client is experiencing a reaction to a blood transfusion, but it is not the first action that should be taken.
Choice C rationale

Covering the client with a blanket may provide comfort to the client, but it does not address the underlying issue of a potential transfusion reaction.
Choice D rationale
The priority action when a client is experiencing chills and back pain during a blood transfusion is to stop the transfusion. This is because these symptoms could indicate a transfusion reaction, which can be serious.

A. Take ibuprofen for eye discomfort. B. Wear dark glasses while outdoors. C. Notify the provider immediately if the operative eye itches. D. Creamy white drainage is an indication of infection.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Taking ibuprofen for eye discomfort after cataract surgery is not typically recommended. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can increase the risk of bleeding, which can be problematic after eye surgery.
Choice B rationale

Wearing dark glasses while outdoors is often recommended after cataract surgery. This is because the eyes can be sensitive to light after the procedure. Dark glasses can help to protect the eyes from bright light and reduce discomfort.
Choice C rationale
Itching in the operative eye is not typically a sign of a serious problem after cataract surgery. Some itching can be normal as the eye heals. However, severe pain, vision loss, or heavy discharge should be reported to the provider immediately.
Choice D rationale
Creamy white drainage is not an indication of infection. In fact, it could be a sign of a more serious problem, such as an eye infection. Any changes in vision, pain, redness, or discharge should be reported to the healthcare provider.

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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing chills and back pain during a blood transfusion. What should be the nurse’s priority action?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse at an outpatient surgery center is providing discharge instructions to a patient and their spouse following the surgical removal of a cataract. What should the nurse include in these instructions?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is educating a patient who has a history of ulcerative colitis and has recently been diagnosed with anemia. Which of the following symptoms of colitis should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the development of anemia?

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