A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor?

Diabetes mellitus

Anemia

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Osteoporosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs). High blood sugar levels can impair the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off infections. Additionally, diabetes can cause nerve damage that affects the bladder’s ability to empty completely, allowing bacteria to grow.
Choice B rationale
Anemia itself is not a direct risk factor for UTIs. Anemia is a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin, which does not contribute to the development of UTIs.
Choice C rationale
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) primarily affects the lungs and does not increase the risk of UTIs. COPD can make it harder to breathe, but it does not have a direct impact on the urinary system.

Choice D rationale
Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. It does not increase the risk of UTIs. Osteoporosis and UTIs are not directly related as they affect different systems within the body.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Fluid retention is not typically associated with hyperparathyroidism. Hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which the parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormone, leading to high levels of calcium in the blood.
Choice B rationale
Impaired skin integrity is not typically associated with hyperparathyroidism.
Choice C rationale
Pathologic fractures are a potential complication of hyperparathyroidism. The condition can lead to osteoporosis due to loss of calcium from the bones, increasing the risk of fractures.
Choice D rationale
Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, is not typically associated with hyperparathyroidism.

A. The client who has a nasogastric (NG) tube to suction. B. The client who has a tracheostomy tube attached to humidified oxygen. C. The client who has an indwelling urinary catheter to gravity drainage. D. The client who has a chest tube to water seal.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Patients with a nasogastric (NG) tube to suction are at risk for hypokalemia. Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, can occur due to increased losses from the gastrointestinal tract, which can occur with NG tube suction. Potassium is an essential electrolyte that plays a vital role in many bodily functions, particularly in the heart and cardiovascular system. Therefore, any condition or intervention that leads to a significant loss of potassium, such as NG tube suction, can potentially lead to hypokalemia.
Choice B rationale

A tracheostomy tube attached to humidified oxygen is primarily used to help a patient breathe. It does not typically contribute to potassium loss or imbalance. Therefore, it is not likely to increase the risk of hypokalemia.
Choice C rationale
An indwelling urinary catheter to gravity drainage is used to drain urine from the bladder. While the kidneys do play a role in maintaining potassium balance, the use of a urinary catheter itself does not typically lead to significant potassium loss or increase the risk of hypokalemia.
Choice D rationale
A chest tube to water seal is used to remove air, fluid, or pus from the pleural space to help the lungs expand properly. It does not typically contribute to potassium loss or imbalance.
Therefore, it is not likely to increase the risk of hypokalemia.

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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a patient who has a new diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. The nurse should include in the teaching that the patient is at risk for which of the following complications?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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