A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor?

Diabetes mellitus

Anemia

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Osteoporosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs). High blood sugar levels can impair the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off infections. Additionally, diabetes can cause nerve damage that affects the bladder’s ability to empty completely, allowing bacteria to grow.
Choice B rationale
Anemia itself is not a direct risk factor for UTIs. Anemia is a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin, which does not contribute to the development of UTIs.
Choice C rationale
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) primarily affects the lungs and does not increase the risk of UTIs. COPD can make it harder to breathe, but it does not have a direct impact on the urinary system.

Choice D rationale
Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. It does not increase the risk of UTIs. Osteoporosis and UTIs are not directly related as they affect different systems within the body.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
An increase in intraocular pressure is not a cause of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is caused by damage to the blood vessels in the retina due to high blood sugar levels.
Choice B rationale
While regular eye exams are important for patients with diabetes mellitus, having an eye exam every 2 years may not be sufficient for detecting and managing diabetic retinopathy. More frequent eye exams may be recommended depending on the patient’s condition.
Choice C rationale
Clouding of the lens is not a manifestation of diabetic retinopathy. This is a symptom of cataracts, not diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy affects the blood vessels in the retina, not the lens of the eye.
Choice D rationale
Seeing spots, also known as floaters, is a common symptom of diabetic retinopathy. This occurs when blood and other fluids leak into the vitreous, the clear, jelly-like substance that fills the inside of the eye.

A. Fecal contamination of food or water B. Sexual intercourse C. Kissing mouth-to-mouth D. Contact with infected blood .

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water. This can occur when an infected person does not wash their hands properly after going to the bathroom and then touches food or other objects that others then put in their mouths.
Choice B rationale
While sexual intercourse can potentially transmit Hepatitis A, it is not the primary mode of transmission. The risk is higher if the sexual activity involves oral-anal contact.
Choice C rationale
Kissing mouth-to-mouth is not typically a primary mode of Hepatitis A transmission unless fecal particles are somehow involved.
Choice D rationale
Contact with infected blood is not the primary mode of Hepatitis A transmission. Hepatitis A is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, not through blood.

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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating a patient with diabetes mellitus about diabetic retinopathy. Which of the following statements should the nurse make to the patient?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A patient diagnosed with Hepatitis A is concerned about the risk of transmission to other family members. What is the primary mode of Hepatitis A transmission that the nurse should mention in the response?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a patient about the nutritional requirements necessary to promote wound healing. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse include in the teaching?

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