A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of lactulose to a client diagnosed with cirrhosis. The client states, "I don't need this medication. I am not constipated." The nurse should explain that in clients who have cirrhosis, lactulose is used to decrease levels of which of the following components in the bloodstream?

Potassium

Ammonia

Glucose

Bicarbonate

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Lactulose is not used to decrease potassium levels. It is a laxative that works by drawing water into the colon, softening stools and promoting bowel movements.

B. Lactulose is used to decrease ammonia levels in clients with cirrhosis. Ammonia is a byproduct of protein metabolism, and when the liver is compromised, it may not effectively convert ammonia into urea, leading to elevated ammonia levels in the bloodstream. Lactulose helps reduce ammonia absorption in the colon.

C. Lactulose does not decrease glucose levels significantly. It is not primarily used as an antidiabetic medication.

D. Lactulose does not affect bicarbonate levels significantly. It primarily targets ammonia reduction in clients with cirrhosis.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hepatitis A does not infect the kidneys. Hepatitis A is a viral infection that primarily affects the liver, causing inflammation.

B. Manifestations of hepatitis A are indeed similar to flu-like symptoms. Common symptoms include fever, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes).

C. The incubation period for hepatitis A is typically 15 to 50 days, not 5 days. The incubation period is the time between exposure to the virus and the onset of symptoms.

D. A family history is not a significant risk factor for acquiring hepatitis A. Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often due to contaminated food or water. It is more commonly associated with exposure to the virus through contaminated environments or ingestion of contaminated food or water.

A. The charge nurse should follow the staff closely and tell them every single thing they could possibly be doing wrong. B. Make the staff aware that all errors will be severely punished. C. Acknowledge staff accomplishments when warranted and provide positive feedback. D. Provide negative feedback with all errors.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The charge nurse should follow the staff closely and tell them every single thing they could possibly be doing wrong:

Micromanaging and focusing solely on the negatives can create a stressful and demoralizing work environment. This approach is less likely to motivate and inspire staff.

B. Make the staff aware that all errors will be severely punished:

A punitive approach to errors can create a culture of fear and may not foster a supportive environment for learning and improvement. It can lead to decreased morale and job satisfaction.

C. Acknowledge staff accomplishments when warranted and provide positive feedback:

This is the most effective approach. Recognizing and acknowledging staff achievements, providing positive feedback, and celebrating successes contribute to a positive work environment. It motivates staff to continue their efforts and fosters a culture of teamwork and collaboration.

D. Provide negative feedback with all errors:

While constructive feedback is essential for learning and improvement, a balance between constructive criticism and positive reinforcement is crucial. Constant negative feedback without recognition of positive efforts can lead to decreased morale.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with hepatitis A. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A charge nurse is looking to motivate the staff and to produce better outcomes on the unit. Which of the following behaviors by the charge nurse will produce those results?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a stool test for guaiac. The nurse should recognize the purpose of the test is to check the stool for which of the following substances?

A nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of the following statements by the client about foot care is correct?

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition via a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). When assessing the client, the nurse notes edema of the client's arm above the PICC insertion site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

The charge nurse on a hospital unit is leading a committee that must choose new paint colors for the nurse's station. She elicits the opinions of all group members and then organizes a vote. The charge nurse's leadership style can be said to be

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a history of pancreatitis. Which of the following food choices should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an indication of gastrointestinal perforation?

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. The nurse should expect to find an elevation of which of following values?

A nurse is teaching students about the use of isotonic solutions. The nurse recognizes which statements made by a student about isotonic solutions are correct. (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)