A nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with hepatitis A about preventing transmission of the virus. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the teaching?

A. Warfarin:

Warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting the synthesis of certain clotting factors, including factors II, VII, IX, and X. While it is used to prevent thromboembolic events, in a client with cirrhosis and an elevated PT, the priority is addressing the coagulation factor deficiency rather than adding an anticoagulant.

B. Vitamin K:

Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin, and it helps in the synthesis of clotting factors. In cirrhosis, there can be impaired synthesis of clotting factors due to liver dysfunction. Administering vitamin K can aid in correcting coagulation abnormalities.

C. Heparin:

Heparin is another anticoagulant, but it does not reverse the effects of warfarin. It works by a different mechanism and is typically used in acute settings, such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. It is not the primary intervention for an elevated PT in cirrhosis.

D. Ferrous sulfate:

Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement and is not indicated for the correction of an elevated PT. Iron supplements are typically used to address iron deficiency anemia.

A. The charge nurse should follow the staff closely and tell them every single thing they could possibly be doing wrong:

Micromanaging and focusing solely on the negatives can create a stressful and demoralizing work environment. This approach is less likely to motivate and inspire staff.

B. Make the staff aware that all errors will be severely punished:

A punitive approach to errors can create a culture of fear and may not foster a supportive environment for learning and improvement. It can lead to decreased morale and job satisfaction.

C. Acknowledge staff accomplishments when warranted and provide positive feedback:

This is the most effective approach. Recognizing and acknowledging staff achievements, providing positive feedback, and celebrating successes contribute to a positive work environment. It motivates staff to continue their efforts and fosters a culture of teamwork and collaboration.

D. Provide negative feedback with all errors:

While constructive feedback is essential for learning and improvement, a balance between constructive criticism and positive reinforcement is crucial. Constant negative feedback without recognition of positive efforts can lead to decreased morale.