A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis and a prothrombin time of 30 seconds. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

Warfarin

Vitamin K

Heparin

Ferrous sulfate

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Warfarin:

Warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting the synthesis of certain clotting factors, including factors II, VII, IX, and X. While it is used to prevent thromboembolic events, in a client with cirrhosis and an elevated PT, the priority is addressing the coagulation factor deficiency rather than adding an anticoagulant.

B. Vitamin K:

Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin, and it helps in the synthesis of clotting factors. In cirrhosis, there can be impaired synthesis of clotting factors due to liver dysfunction. Administering vitamin K can aid in correcting coagulation abnormalities.

C. Heparin:

Heparin is another anticoagulant, but it does not reverse the effects of warfarin. It works by a different mechanism and is typically used in acute settings, such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. It is not the primary intervention for an elevated PT in cirrhosis.

D. Ferrous sulfate:

Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement and is not indicated for the correction of an elevated PT. Iron supplements are typically used to address iron deficiency anemia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Cheddar cheese:

Cheddar cheese is high in fat, and individuals with a history of pancreatitis are often advised to limit their fat intake. High-fat foods can stimulate the pancreas to release digestive enzymes, potentially triggering or exacerbating pancreatitis.

B. Vegetable soup:

Depending on the ingredients, vegetable soup may or may not be high in fat. The key consideration is to choose soups that are not prepared with excessive amounts of fat or oil.

C. Noodles:

Noodles, by themselves, are not high in fat. However, the choice of sauce or toppings can impact the overall fat content of the meal. It's important to consider the entire composition of the dish.

D. Baked fish:

Baked fish is generally a lean protein source and is lower in fat compared to some other protein sources. Baked fish is often considered a suitable choice for individuals with a history of pancreatitis.

A. Avoid foods high in fat. B. Include foods high in starch and proteins. C. Include foods high in fiber. D. Avoid foods high in sodium.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Avoid foods high in fat:

Dietary fat can trigger the gallbladder to release bile, and for individuals with chronic cholecystitis, high-fat meals can exacerbate symptoms such as biliary colic. Therefore, advising the client to avoid foods high in fat can help manage symptoms.

B. Include foods high in starch and proteins:

While protein-rich foods can be included in the diet, a high-fat content should be avoided. Starches can be a part of a balanced diet, but it's essential to focus on low-fat options.

C. Include foods high in fiber:

Including foods high in fiber is generally a good recommendation for digestive health. However, the emphasis here is on avoiding high-fat foods, and the recommendation for fiber should not overshadow the importance of minimizing dietary fat.

D. Avoid foods high in sodium:

Sodium restriction may be relevant for certain health conditions, but it is not the primary dietary consideration for managing chronic cholecystitis. The emphasis in this context is on reducing dietary fat.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis and a prothrombin time of 30 seconds. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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