A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis and a prothrombin time of 30 seconds. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Warfarin
Vitamin K
Heparin
Ferrous sulfate
The Correct Answer is B
A. Warfarin:
Warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting the synthesis of certain clotting factors, including factors II, VII, IX, and X. While it is used to prevent thromboembolic events, in a client with cirrhosis and an elevated PT, the priority is addressing the coagulation factor deficiency rather than adding an anticoagulant.
B. Vitamin K:
Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin, and it helps in the synthesis of clotting factors. In cirrhosis, there can be impaired synthesis of clotting factors due to liver dysfunction. Administering vitamin K can aid in correcting coagulation abnormalities.
C. Heparin:
Heparin is another anticoagulant, but it does not reverse the effects of warfarin. It works by a different mechanism and is typically used in acute settings, such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. It is not the primary intervention for an elevated PT in cirrhosis.
D. Ferrous sulfate:
Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement and is not indicated for the correction of an elevated PT. Iron supplements are typically used to address iron deficiency anemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Avoiding eating at fast food restaurants is not a specific preventive measure for hepatitis A transmission. The primary mode of transmission for hepatitis A is through the fecal-oral route, often due to contaminated food or water.
B. Avoiding serving raw foods is a reasonable precaution as raw or undercooked shellfish and contaminated fruits and vegetables can be a source of hepatitis A transmission. However, practicing effective hand hygiene is a more general and fundamental preventive measure.
C. Wearing barrier protection during vaginal intercourse is not directly related to the prevention of hepatitis A. Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, and sexual transmission is not a common mode for this virus.
D. Practicing effective hand hygiene is a key strategy for preventing the transmission of hepatitis A. Proper handwashing with soap and water, especially after using the bathroom and before handling food, can help reduce the risk of contamination and transmission of the virus.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]
Explanation
A. Increase physical activity and daily exercise.
Regular physical activity helps improve insulin sensitivity, manage blood glucose levels, and lower the risk of cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes.
B. Reduce cholesterol and saturated fat intake.
Managing cholesterol levels and reducing saturated fat intake can help lower the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is a common complication of diabetes.
C. Maintain optimal blood pressure to prevent kidney damage.
Controlling and maintaining blood pressure within optimal ranges is crucial in preventing kidney damage, a common complication of diabetes.
D. Enroll in a smoking-cessation program.
Smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular complications and can exacerbate other diabetes-related health issues. Quitting smoking is important in reducing the risk of complications.
E. Sustain hyperglycemia to reduce deterioration of nerve cells.
Sustaining hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels) is detrimental and contributes to the progression of diabetic complications, including nerve damage (neuropathy). Lowering and controlling blood glucose levels are essential in preventing complications rather than sustaining hyperglycemia.
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