A nurse is preparing to administer phenobarbital 5 mg/kg/day PO divided in equal doses every 12 hr to a client who weighs 54 lb. Available is phenobarbital elixir 20 mg/5 mL. The nurse should administer how many mL per dose? (Round answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
The Correct Answer is ["15.3"]
Step-by-step solution:
1. Convert pounds to kilograms:
1 lb = 0.453592 kg
54 lb x 0.453592 kg/lb = 24.49 kg
2. Calculate the total daily dose of phenobarbital:
Total daily dose = dose per kg/day x weight in kg = 5 mg/kg/day x 24.49 kg = 122.45 mg/day
3. Calculate the dose per administration:
Since the medication is divided into 2 doses per day,
Dose per administration = Total daily dose / number of doses = 122.45 mg/day / 2 doses = 61.225 mg/dose
4. Calculate the volume to administer:
The medication concentration is 20 mg/5 mL, which simplifies to 4 mg/mL.
Volume = Dose per administration / Concentration = 61.225 mg / 4 mg/mL = 15.30625 mL
5. Round to the nearest tenth:
Volume = 15.3 mL
Therefore, the nurse should administer 15.3 mL of phenobarbital per dose.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Enoxaparin 30 mg subcutaneous every 12 hours:
Enoxaparin is correctly prescribed at 30 mg every 12 hours for conditions like deep vein thrombosis. This dosing regimen is standard and does not require clarification.
B. Hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg PO twice daily with meals:
Hydrochlorothiazide is typically administered once daily, but doses up to 50 mg twice daily can be appropriate for specific conditions. This prescription is higher than usual but still within potential therapeutic ranges, so clarification is not immediately necessary unless there are other concerns.
C. Lovastatin 20 mg PO once daily:
Lovastatin at 20 mg once daily is a common dose for managing hyperlipidemia. This dosage is standard and does not require clarification.
D. Diltiazem 30 mg PO hold for apical pulse rate less than 50/min:
Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker often used to manage hypertension or angina. The dose of 30 mg is quite low for this medication, and the instruction to hold if the apical pulse rate is below 50/min is standard. However, the very low dose of 30 mg might be unusual and needs clarification to ensure it is appropriate for the patient's condition and to prevent potential adverse effects.
Correct Answer is ["1880"]
Explanation
Understanding the problem
We need to calculate the total fluid intake in mL.
We have various fluids in ounces and mL.
There is a continuous IV infusion at 50 mL/hr for 12 hours.
Step-by-step calculation
Convert ounces to milliliters:
1 oz = 30 mL
Orange juice (½ cup):
½ cup = 4 oz → 4 oz = 120 mL
Milk:
8 oz = 240 mL
Coffee:
6 oz x 30 mL/oz = 180 mL
Ice chips:
4 oz x 1/2 x 30 mL/oz = 60 mL
Gelatin:
6 oz x 30 mL/oz = 180 mL
Decaffeinated coffee:
6 oz x 30 mL/oz = 180 mL
Apple juice:
4 oz x 30 mL/oz = 120 mL
Water: 200 mL
Calculate total oral fluid intake:
Calculate IV fluid intake:
IV fluid intake = 50 mL/hr x 12 hours = 600 mL
Calculate total fluid intake:
Therefore, the client's total fluid intake for the 12-hour shift is 1880 mL.
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