A nurse is prioritizing clients in an urgent care setting. Which client(s) would benefit most from the use of a small volume nebulizer (SVN)? Select all that apply.
A client with an emphysema exacerbation.
A client experiencing an asthma attack.
A client with a common cold and fever.
A client with significant respiratory symptoms.
A client with mild seasonal allergies.
Correct Answer : A,B,D
A. A client with an emphysema exacerbation: Clients experiencing an acute exacerbation of emphysema often have increased airway obstruction and difficulty breathing. A small volume nebulizer delivers bronchodilators directly to the lungs, providing rapid relief of bronchospasm and improving oxygenation.
B. A client experiencing an asthma attack: During an asthma attack, airway constriction can be severe. An SVN allows precise delivery of inhaled medications like albuterol, which rapidly dilate the airways and reduce respiratory distress, making it essential for urgent intervention.
C. A client with a common cold and fever: A common cold typically causes mild upper respiratory symptoms such as congestion and runny nose. SVNs are not indicated for routine cold management, as bronchodilator therapy is not necessary in uncomplicated viral infections.
D. A client with significant respiratory symptoms: Clients showing significant respiratory distress, regardless of underlying cause, may benefit from an SVN to administer medications that relieve bronchospasm, decrease airway inflammation, and improve ventilation rapidly.
E. A client with mild seasonal allergies: Mild seasonal allergies usually present with sneezing, watery eyes, and nasal congestion without significant airway obstruction. SVNs are not indicated for mild allergic symptoms, as oral or intranasal antihistamines are sufficient.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Obtain a finger-stick glucose level: Nadolol is a nonselective beta-blocker that can mask signs of hypoglycemia, but routine glucose checks are not required immediately before each dose unless the client has diabetes or symptoms of low blood sugar.
B. Measure and document a set of vital signs: Nadolol lowers heart rate and blood pressure by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors. Assessing apical pulse and blood pressure immediately before administration ensures the medication is safe to give and helps prevent bradycardia or hypotension.
C. Draw blood for renal function laboratory tests: Nadolol is excreted renally, so kidney function is monitored over time rather than immediately before each dose. This assessment does not directly determine whether the dose should be administered at that moment.
D. Request a 12-lead electrocardiogram: A routine ECG is not required before administering nadolol unless the client has new cardiac symptoms or known conduction abnormalities. Heart rate and blood pressure assessment provide the most immediate and relevant safety information.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"A"}}
Explanation
• A client diagnosed with pulmonary embolism: Anticoagulation is standard therapy to prevent clot propagation and reduce the risk of further thromboembolic events. Medications such as heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin are commonly initiated to manage pulmonary embolism. Early anticoagulation improves patient outcomes and reduces mortality.
• A post-operative client on bed rest: Prolonged immobility increases the risk for venous thromboembolism. Anticoagulation may be anticipated as a preventive measure, especially in clients with additional risk factors such as advanced age or comorbidities. Prophylactic therapy reduces the incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
• A client with low platelet count: Anticoagulation increases the risk of bleeding in clients with thrombocytopenia. Low platelet count is a contraindication because these clients are prone to spontaneous bleeding and hemorrhage. Careful evaluation of bleeding risk is required before considering therapy.
• A client with history of hemophilia A: Hemophilia A is a congenital clotting disorder characterized by factor VIII deficiency. Anticoagulation in these clients would exacerbate bleeding tendencies and is contraindicated. Management focuses on preventing and treating bleeding episodes, not clot prevention.
• A client with an indwelling epidural catheter: Anticoagulation is contraindicated in clients with epidural catheters due to the risk of epidural hematoma formation. Hematomas can compress the spinal cord, causing permanent neurological damage. Anticoagulants are withheld until the catheter is safely removed and bleeding risk is minimized.
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