A nurse is providing care to a 5-year-old child who has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. The child's parents state they're feeling overwhelmed, stressed, and burnt out." Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend for the parents to help them cope?
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
Play Therapy and Art Therapy
The Correct Answer is C
A. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR): EMDR is primarily used for trauma-related disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder. While parental stress is significant, EMDR targets unresolved traumatic memories rather than ongoing caregiver burden. It is not the most appropriate first-line intervention for caregiver stress related to chronic childhood conditions.
B. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT): ACT focuses on psychological flexibility and values-based coping and can be beneficial for chronic stress. However, evidence supporting its routine use for parental burnout in caregivers of children with autism is less established than other therapies. It is typically adjunctive rather than first-line.
C. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT is well-supported for reducing caregiver stress, anxiety, and depression by helping parents identify and reframe maladaptive thought patterns. It provides practical coping strategies, problem-solving skills, and stress-management techniques. This approach directly targets the emotional and cognitive burden described by the parents.
D. Play Therapy and Art Therapy: These therapies are primarily designed for children to express emotions and improve communication skills. While helpful for pediatric clients, they are not intended to address parental stress or burnout. Their focus does not align with the parents’ coping needs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "This medication will prevent you from spreading the virus.": While effective ART reduces viral load and transmission risk, it does not eliminate the possibility of spreading HIV. Safe practices, including condoms and avoiding blood exposure, remain essential.
B. "You will need to take this medication as prescribed every day.": Adherence to Zidovudine (Retrovir) as prescribed is critical for suppressing viral replication, preventing drug resistance, and maintaining immune function. Daily, consistent dosing ensures therapeutic effectiveness and long-term health outcomes.
C. "It will be fine to take sleeping pills if you can't sleep.": Some medications may interact with antiretroviral therapy, and sleep aids should only be used under provider supervision. Taking over-the-counter or prescription sleep medications without guidance can risk adverse interactions.
D. "If you have nausea and vomiting, stop the medication immediately.": Stopping ART abruptly can lead to viral rebound and resistance. Management of side effects should involve contacting the healthcare provider for guidance on supportive measures or dose adjustments rather than discontinuing the medication independently.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The child has an excessive appetite and is at risk for obesity: Prader-Willi syndrome is characterized by hypothalamic dysfunction leading to hyperphagia and impaired satiety. Children develop an intense, persistent appetite that significantly increases the risk for obesity and related metabolic complications. Strict dietary supervision is a central component of management.
B. The child exhibits advanced motor and language skills for their age: Children with Prader-Willi syndrome typically demonstrate developmental delays, including delayed motor milestones and speech development. Hypotonia and cognitive impairment contribute to slower skill acquisition rather than advanced abilities. This finding is inconsistent with the syndrome’s neurologic profile.
C. The child demonstrates a high level of energy and requires minimal sleep: Prader-Willi syndrome is associated with low energy levels, reduced stamina, and sleep disturbances such as excessive daytime sleepiness or sleep apnea. Increased energy and reduced sleep needs are not typical features. Fatigue is more commonly observed.
D. The child has a markedly increased muscle tone and strength: Hypotonia is a hallmark feature of Prader-Willi syndrome, particularly in infancy and early childhood. Decreased muscle tone contributes to feeding difficulties early in life and delayed motor development. Increased tone and strength do not align with the underlying neuromuscular findings.
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